Isaac Newton (1643–1727)

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1. Charles William Eliot

   Author of The Apology, Phædo, and Crito of Plato; The Golden sayings of Epictetus; The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius, Elizabethan Drama, Volume I: Marlowe; Shakespeare, Sacred Writings, Volume I: Confucian; Hebrew; Christian (Part I)

2. Euclid

   Author of Elements, Elements, books 1-2, Elements, books 3-9

3. Aristotle

   Author of On Man in the Universe (Classics Club), Complete Works, The Philosophy of Aristotle (Mentor)

4. Isaac Newton

   Author of Principia Mathematica, Opticks: Or a Treatise of the Reflections, Refractions, Inflections & Colours of Light-Based on the Fourth Edition London, 1730, Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, and the Apocalypse of St. John

5. St. Thomas Aquinas

   Author of Summa Theologica, On Law, Morality, and Politics, Britannica Great Books: Aquinas I

6. Blaise Pascal

   Author of Pensées, The provincial letters, Britannica Great Books: Pascal

7. Antoine Laurent Lavoisier

   Author of Elements of Chemistry, Britannica Great Books: Lavoisier, Fourier, Faraday

8. Will Durant

   Author of Our Oriental Heritage, The Age of Louis the XIV, The Age of Reason Begins

9. William Shakespeare

   Author of Britannica Great Books: Shakespeare I, Britannica Great Books: Shakespeare II

10. Richard Feynman

    Author of Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! (Adventures of a Curious Character), Six Easy Pieces: Essentials of Physics Explained by Its Most Brilliant Teacher, The Meaning of It All: Thoughts of a Citizen-Scientist

11. Ptolemy

    Author of Britannica Great Books: Ptolemy, Copernicus, Kepler, Almagest

12. William Gilbert

    Author of Britannica Great Books: Gilbert, Galileo, Harvey, On the Magnet and Magnetic Bodies, and on That Great Magnet the Earth

13. Edward Gibbon

    Author of Britannica Great Books: Gibbon I, Britannica Great Books: Gibbon II

14. René Descartes

    Author of The Rationalists: Descartes: Discourse on Method & Meditations; Spinoza: Ethics; Leibniz: Monadology & Discourse on Metaphysics, Britannica Great Books: Descartes and Spinoza, The Geometry of René Descartes

15. Galileo Galilei

    Author of Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo, Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (Modern Library Science), Sidereus Nuncius, or The Sidereal Messenger

16. Saint Augustine

    Author of Britannica Great Books: Augustine, The Confessions of St. Augustine; The Imitation of Christ by Thomas À Kempis

17. Stephen Hawking

    Author of A Brief History of Time, The Universe in a Nutshell, The Nature of Space and Time

18. Charles de Secondat Montesquieu

    Author of The Spirit of the Laws, Britannica Great Books: Montesquieu and Rousseau

19. Edmund Burke

    Author of On taste; On the sublime and beautiful; Reflections on the French revolution; A letter to a noble lord

20. Hippocrates

    Author of Hippocratic Writings (Penguin Classics), Britannica Great Books: Hippocrates and Galen