E.D.E.N. Southworth (1819–1899)

After being abandoned by her husband, Emma Southworth began to write stories in order to supplement her income as a teacher and support her children. She used the pen name E.D.E.N. Southworth.

Some of her earliest works appeared in The National Era, the newspaper that printed Uncle Tom's Cabin. The bulk of her work appeared as a serial in Robert Bonner's The New York Ledger, which was widely read in the 1850s and 1860s.