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Preface Acknowledgments Part One. Context: Environmentalism, Ecophilosophy, and Anthropocentrism 1. Moving Away from Human Centeredness: From Silent Spring to Deep Ecology The Emergence of the Environmental Movement and Ecophilosophy A Closer Look at the Issue of Anthropocentrism Enter the Shallow/Deep Ecology Typology Part Two. The Influence of Deep Ecology 2. Deep Ecology: A Focus within Ecophilosophy--and Beyond The Influence of Deep Ecology upon Academic Ecophilosophy The Influence beyond Academic Ecophilosophy 3. Why So Influential? The Historical Answer The Advocacy Answer and a Look behind the Scenes The Substantive Answer Part Three. The Label Deep Ecology: Its Meanings and Shortcomings 4.Arne Naess and the Meanings of Deep Ecology Arne Naess Naess's Formal Sense of Deep Ecology Naess's Philosophical Sense of Deep Ecology 5. The Problem with the Label Deep Ecology The Perceived Problem The Failure of Deep Ecologists to Forestall the Perceived Problem The "Fundamental" Problem Farewell to Deep Ecology Part Four. Toward a Transpersonal Ecology: Drawing Out What is Tenable and Distinctive about the Deep Ecology Approach to Ecophilosophy 6. The Most Widely Recognized Approaches to Ecophilosophy Instrumental Value Theory Intrinsic Value Theory Objections to Intrinsic Value Theory Approaches 7. Transpersonal Ecology as a Distinctive Approach to Ecophilosophy Transpersonal Ecology and Transpersonal Psychology Psychologizing Ecophilosophy The Distinctiveness of the Transpersonal Ecology Approach to Ecophilosophy Proof, Moral Injunctions, and Experiential Invitations 8. Transpersonal Ecology and the Varieties of Identification Three Bases of Identification Identification, Delusion, and Enlightenment Appendix A: A Guide to the Primary Sources on Deep Ecology Published during the 1980s Appendix B: The Emergence of Transpersonal Psychology Notes Further Reading Index