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Mary Fulbrook's Introduction to this splendid concluding volume in The Short Oxford History of Europe begins with a vivid contrast, setting the struggle for survival in a devastated rubble-strewn street of East Berlin in 1945 against the same location in the reunited city at the end of the century, unrecognizable in its gleaming, confident, cosmopolitan affluence. The book brings home the extraordinary waves of transformation that have washed across Europe in the second half of the twentieth century, sketching out the major general patterns of this change, and exploring some of the local themes and variations in different parts of Europe. The result is both illuminating and engrossing: a must for students of contemporary history, politics, and European studies, it also offers immense rewards to any reader interested in the roots, and fruits, of the post-war European renaissance.