This study addresses 19th-century European art along with the forces that informed it. After introducing historical events and cultural and artistic trends from about 1760 that would exert their influence well into the new century, Petra ten-Doesschate Chu discusses the advent of modernism and its many interpretations. She considers the changing relationship between artist and audience, evolving attitudes towards the depiction of nature, and the confrontation of European artists with non-Western art due to expanding trade and travel. understanding of the art, as do sidebars that focus on specific works, techniques or historical circumstances. Although painting and sculpture are central in her narrative, Chu also covers a broad scope of visual culture, including architecture, decorative arts, photography and graphic design. A timeline, glossary and bibliography, listing not only books but also films related to the period, complete the volume.