Subject: Nuclear warfare

Sub-Subjects

Nuclear warfare (76 works)

Nuclear Warfare (44 works)

Nuclear warfare Australasia. Social aspects (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Bibliography (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Bibliography (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Caricatures and cartoons (3 works)

Nuclear warfare Caricatures and cartoons (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Catholic Church (7 works)

Nuclear warfare Christianity (12 works)

Nuclear warfare Comic books, strips, etc (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Comic books, strips, etc (5 works)

Nuclear warfare Congresses (2 works)

Nuclear warfare Congresses (5 works)

Nuclear warfare Decision making (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Dictionaries (148 works)

Nuclear warfare Drama (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Drama (2 works)

Nuclear warfare Environmental aspects (5 works)

Nuclear warfare Environmental aspects Congresses (2 works)

Nuclear warfare Environmental aspects Juvenile fiction (4 works)

Nuclear warfare Environmental aspects Juvenile fiction (3 works)

Nuclear warfare Environmental aspects (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Episcopal Church (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Fiction (44 works)

Nuclear warfare Fiction (20 works)

Nuclear warfare Forecasting (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Great Britain. Environmental aspects (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Health aspects (2 works)

Nuclear warfare Health aspects Research Evaluation (1 work)

Nuclear warfare History (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Judaism (2 works)

Nuclear warfare Juvenile fiction (2 works)

Nuclear warfare Juvenile fiction (4 works)

Nuclear warfare Juvenile literature (4 works)

Nuclear warfare Korea (North) (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Mathematical models (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Medical aspects (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Miscellanea (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Miscellanea (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Moral and ethical aspects (22 works)

Nuclear warfare Moral and ethical aspects Congresses (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Moral and ethical aspects Drama (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Moral and ethical aspects Drama (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Moral and ethical aspects (22 works)

Nuclear warfare Moral and religious aspects (3 works)

Nuclear warfare Moral and religious aspects (3 works)

Nuclear warfare Philosophy (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Planning (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Poetry (2 works)

Nuclear warfare Popular works (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Prevention (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Prevention (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Psychological aspects (7 works)

Nuclear warfare Psychological aspects Fiction (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Psychological aspects Fiction (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Psychological aspects (4 works)

Nuclear warfare Public opinion (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Religious aspects (6 works)

Nuclear warfare Religious aspects Catholic Church (8 works)

Nuclear warfare Religious aspects Christianity (16 works)

Nuclear warfare Religious aspects Lutheran Church (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Religious aspects (4 works)

Nuclear warfare Safety measures (2 works)

Nuclear warfare Safety measures Moral and ethical aspects (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Safety measures Periodicals (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Safety measures (5 works)

Nuclear warfare Social aspects (2 works)

Nuclear warfare Social aspects Poetry (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Social aspects United States (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Social aspects (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Study and teaching (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Study and teaching (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Study and teaching (Higher) (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Study and teaching (Higher) United States (1 work)

Nuclear warfare Termination (3 works)

Nuclear warfare (70 works)

Nuclear warfare in literature (1 work)

Nuclear warfare in literature (2 works)

Nuclear warfare in motion pictures (1 work)

Nuclear warfare in motion pictures Catalogs (1 work)

Nuclear warfare in motion pictures (1 work)

Books Under This Subject

The Sum of All Fears by Tom Clancy (6,937 copies)
The Camel Club by David Baldacci (5,080 copies)
Alas, Babylon by Pat Frank (4,803 copies)
On the Beach by Nevil Shute (4,757 copies)
Farnham's Freehold by Robert A. Heinlein (2,925 copies)
Dr. Bloodmoney by Philip K. Dick (1,970 copies)
The Penultimate Truth by Philip K. Dick (1,817 copies)
Obernewtyn by Isobelle Carmody (1,603 copies)
Riddley Walker by Russell Hoban (1,303 copies)
The Wall by Marlen Haushofer (1,205 copies)
Copenhagen by Michael Frayn (1,084 copies)
Greybeard by Brian W. Aldiss (873 copies)
Barefoot Gen: A Cartoon Story of Hiroshima, Volume 1 by Keiji Nakazawa (846 copies)
The Farseekers by Isobelle Carmody (834 copies)
Ashling by Isobelle Carmody (821 copies)
The Keeping Place by Isobelle Carmody (682 copies)
When the Wind Blows by Raymond Briggs (662 copies)
Dr. Strangelove, or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and… by Stanley Kubrick (610 copies)
Fortunes of War by Stephen Coonts (564 copies)
The Fate of the Earth by Jonathan Schell (563 copies)
The Execution Channel by Ken MacLeod (542 copies)
Plan of Attack by Dale Brown (501 copies)
Level 7 by Mordecai Roshwald (422 copies)
The World Set Free by H. G. Wells (399 copies)
Barefoot Gen, Vol. 2: The Day After by Keiji Nakazawa (390 copies)
The Nuclear Age by Tim O'Brien (358 copies)
The Breaking of Northwall by Paul O. Williams (350 copies)
The hundredth monkey by Ken Keyes (335 copies)
Reverence for life by Albert Schweitzer (314 copies)
Children of the Dust by Louise Lawrence (284 copies)
The Challenge of Peace: God's Promise and Our Response… by National Conference of Catholic Bishops (274 copies)
The Ends of the Circle by Paul O. Williams (262 copies)
The Dome in the Forest by Paul O. Williams (260 copies)
Life after the Bomb by Keiji Nakazawa (251 copies)
Out of the Ashes by Keiji Nakazawa (211 copies)
The Fall of the Shell by Paul O. Williams (204 copies)
Beyond Armageddon by Jr. Walter M. Miller (191 copies)
An Ambush of Shadows by Paul O. Williams (183 copies)
The Song of the Axe by Paul O. Williams (175 copies)
Weapons and Hope by Freeman Dyson (175 copies)
The Wizards of Armageddon by Fred Kaplan (155 copies)
Darkness & Dawn by Andre Norton (153 copies)
Dead Hand by Harold Coyle (149 copies)
On Thermonuclear War by Herman Kahn (147 copies)
Missile envy: The arms race and nuclear war by Helen Caldicott (138 copies)
The Shell Game by Steve Alten (137 copies)
Golden Days by Carolyn See (131 copies)
A Knife Edge by David Rollins (130 copies)
People Might Hear You by Robin Klein (126 copies)
A Path Where No Man Thought: Nuclear Winter and the End of… by Carl Sagan (125 copies)
Nuclear War Survival Skills: Updated and Expanded 1987… by Cresson H. Kearny (123 copies)
Nuclear weapons and foreign policy by Henry Kissinger (121 copies)
Despair and Personal Power in the Nuclear Age by Joanna R. Macy (120 copies)
The New Nuclear Danger: George W. Bush's… by Helen Caldicott (119 copies)
The Evolution of Nuclear Strategy by Lawrence Freedman (119 copies)
Crush Depth by Joe Buff (115 copies)
Danger and Survival: Choices About the Bomb in the First… by McGeorge Bundy (107 copies)
The Genocidal Mentality: Nazi Holocaust and Nuclear Threat by Robert Jay Lifton (98 copies)
Nuclear War: What's in It for You? by Inc. Ground Zero Fund (98 copies)
The Cold and the Dark: The World After Nuclear War by Paul R. Ehrlich (97 copies)
Death in Life: Survivors of Hiroshima by Robert Jay Lifton (94 copies)
With Enough Shovels: Reagan, Bush, and Nuclear War by Robert Scheer (93 copies)
Nuclear Holocaust and Christian Hope: A Book for Christian… by Ronald J. Sider (90 copies)
After the Bomb by Gloria D. Miklowitz (90 copies)
Peacemakers: Christian Voices from the New Abolitionist… by Jim Wallis (86 copies)
Wolf of Shadows by Whitley Strieber (82 copies)
Inventing Accuracy: A Historical Sociology of Nuclear… by Donald MacKenzie (81 copies)
Strategy in the Missile Age by Bernard Brodie (79 copies)
Peace In The Post-christian Era by Thomas Merton (75 copies)
Waging Peace by Jim Wallis (72 copies)
Straits of Power by Joe Buff (71 copies)
Thunder in the Deep by Joe Buff (71 copies)
One Nation Underground: The Fallout Shelter in American… by Kenneth D. Rose (69 copies)
Who is for peace? by Francis A. Schaeffer (69 copies)
Nuclear Nightmares: An Investigation into Possible Wars by Nigel Calder (68 copies)
Metal Fatigue by Sean Williams (67 copies)
Life After Doomsday by Bruce D. Clayton (67 copies)
The Doomsday Scenario: How America Ends by L. Douglas Keeney (64 copies)
War And Peace In The Nuclear Age by John Newhouse (64 copies)
Indefensible Weapons by Robert Jay Lifton (64 copies)
Apocalypse Movies: End of the World Cinema by Kim Newman (63 copies)
Jonathan Schell: The Fate of the Earth, The Abolition by Jonathan Schell (62 copies)
Thinking about the Unthinkable in the 1980s by Herman Kahn (58 copies)
The Worlds of Herman Kahn: The Intuitive Science of… by Sharon Ghamari-Tabrizi (58 copies)
Darkening Valley: A Biblical Perspective on Nuclear War by Dale Aukerman (55 copies)
Theology for a Nuclear Age by Gordon D. Kaufman (55 copies)
The Day After World War III by Edward Zuckerman (53 copies)
Death : current perspectives by Edwin S. Shneidman (52 copies)
Albert Schweitzer's Mission: Healing and Peace by Norman Cousins (49 copies)
Prophecy and Politics: Militant Evangelists on the Road to… by Grace Halsell (47 copies)
Dancing With Einstein: A Novel by Kate Wenner (46 copies)
Over Our Dead Bodies: Women Against the Bomb by Dorothy Thompson (46 copies)
On Nuclear War and Peace by Albert Schweitzer (45 copies)
Day of the Bomb: Countdown to Hiroshima by Dan Kurzman (45 copies)
Earth Conference One: Sharing A Vision For Our Planet by Anuradha Vittachi (44 copies)
Thinking about the unthinkable by Herman Kahn (40 copies)
After the Bomb: Week One by Gloria D. Miklowitz (39 copies)
Therefore choose life : the spiritual challenge of the… by John Tallmadge (39 copies)
Nuclear Ethics by Joseph S. Nye (39 copies)
The Final Epidemic: Physicians and Scientists on Nuclear… by Ruth Adams (39 copies)
Last Aid: The Medical Dimensions of Nuclear War by Eric Chivian (39 copies)
The risk of the cross : Christian discipleship in the… by J. Christopher Grannis (37 copies)
SIOP: Nuclear War from the Inside by Peter Pringle (37 copies)
The Command and Control of Nuclear Forces by Paul Bracken (35 copies)
Peace and Certainty: A Theological Essay on Deterrence by Oliver O'Donovan (35 copies)
To Win a Nuclear War: The Pentagon's Secret War Plans by Michio Kaku (35 copies)
Lightning East to West: Jesus, Gandhi and the Nuclear Age by James W. Douglass (34 copies)
Blowback by Eric Fullilove (33 copies)
The War Game: An Adaptation of the B.B.C. Documentary Film by Peter Watkins (33 copies)
Managing Nuclear Operations by Ashton B. Carter (31 copies)
The Nuclear Reader: Strategy, Weapons, War by Charles W. Kegley, Jr. (31 copies)
Challenges to Deterrence: Resources, Technology, and Policy by Stephen J. Cimbala (31 copies)
The Little Black Book of Atomic War by Marc Barasch (30 copies)
Nuclear Ethics: A Christian Moral Argument by David Hollenbach (30 copies)
Atomic Ghost: Poets Respond to the Nuclear Age by John Bradley (30 copies)
The Pleasures of a Futuroscope by Lord Dunsany (29 copies)
Arsenal, understanding weapons in the nuclear age by Kosta Tsipis (29 copies)
The arms race kills even without war by Dorothee Sölle (27 copies)
From Hiroshima to the Moon: Chronicles of Life in the… by Daniel Lang (27 copies)
Nuclear North Korea: A Debate on Engagement Strategies by Victor D. Cha (27 copies)
We All Lost the Cold War by Richard Ned Lebow (26 copies)
Facing Nuclear War by Donald B. Kraybill (25 copies)
HIROSHIMA: THE DECISION TO USE THE A-BOMB by Edwin Fogelman (24 copies)
Jenny, my diary by Yorick Blumenfeld (24 copies)
The Deadly Connection: Nuclear War & U.S. Intervention by Joseph Gerson (23 copies)
The bishops and the bomb : waging peace in a nuclear age by Jim Castelli (23 copies)
Nuclear Holocausts: Atomic War in Fiction, 1895-1984 by Paul Brians (22 copies)
The Idea of Disarmament: Rethinking the Unthinkable by Alan F. Geyer (22 copies)
If Winter Comes by Lynn Hall (22 copies)
I feel like the Morning Star by Gregory Maguire (22 copies)
Doomsday: Britain After Nuclear Attack by Stan Openshaw (22 copies)
Hawks, Doves, and Owls: An Agenda for Avoiding Nuclear War by Graham T. Allison (21 copies)
World War II Fact Book, 1939-1945 by Christy Campbell (21 copies)
American Lake: Nuclear Peril in the Pacific (Penguin… by Peter Hayes (20 copies)
Nuclear physics in peace and war by P. E. Hodgson (20 copies)
Thinking about the Next War (Mentor) by Thomas Powers (19 copies)
Meridian 144 by Meg Files (19 copies)
Fifty-Seven Reasons Not to Have a Nuclear War by Marty Asher (18 copies)
Our Unfinished Business by Phillip Berryman (18 copies)
Minds at War: Nuclear Reality and the Inner Conflicts of… by Steven Kull (18 copies)
Talking to Children About Nuclear War by William Van Ornum (18 copies)
Nuclear Facts by Christy Campbell (18 copies)
The End of the Cold War by Christine Hatt (16 copies)
The Darkness of God: Theology After Hiroshima by Jim Garrison (16 copies)
Bracing for Armageddon: Why Civil Defense Never Worked by Dee Garrison (16 copies)
Exterminism and Cold War by E. P. Thompson (15 copies)
The Legacy of Hiroshima by Edward Teller (15 copies)
Confronting Omnicide: Jewish Reflections on Weapons of Mass… by Daniel Landes (15 copies)
Nobody Wants a Nuclear War: Story and Pictures by Judith Vigna (15 copies)
Looking the tiger in the eye : confronting the nuclear… by Carl B. Feldbaum (15 copies)
Nukes: Four Horror Writers on the Ultimate Horror : Stories by Mort Castle (13 copies)
Peace and the Just War Tradition: Lutheran Perspectives in… by Sigval M. Berg (12 copies)
Nuclear Deterrence: Ethics and Strategy by Russell Hardin (12 copies)
Voices of Survival in the Nuclear Age by Dennis Paulson (12 copies)
Assessing the Nuclear Age by Len Ackland (12 copies)
Australia and Nuclear War by Michael Denborough (Ed.) (12 copies)
The sense of survival by J. Allan South (12 copies)
Nuclear Arguments: Understanding the Strategic Nuclear Arms… by Lynn Eden (12 copies)
Limited Nuclear War: Political Theory and War Conventions by Ian Clark (11 copies)
Fictions of Nuclear Disaster by David Dowling (11 copies)
Studies of war, nuclear and conventional by P. M. S Blackett (11 copies)
Canada and the Nuclear Arms Race by Ernie Regehr (11 copies)
Peace is my profession : a soldier's view of the moral… by Raymond A. Shulstad (11 copies)
Psychological Aspects of Nuclear War by James A. Thompson (11 copies)
The irreversible decision, 1939-1950 by Robert C. Batchelder (10 copies)
Five Minutes to Midnight: Why the Nuclear Threat Is Growing… by Tom Harkin (10 copies)
On the prevention of war by John Strachey (10 copies)
The Dangers of Nuclear War: A Pugwash Symposium by Franklyn Griffiths (10 copies)
As lambs to the slaughter: The facts about nuclear war by Paul Rogers (10 copies)
God and the H-bomb by Donald Keys (10 copies)
Miracle of deliverance : the case for the bombing of… by Stephen Harper (10 copies)
Ignoring the apocalypse : why planning to prevent… by David Howard Davis (9 copies)
The changing face of nuclear warfare by Laurence W. Martin (9 copies)
Defence in the nuclear age by Sir Stephen King-Hall (9 copies)
Beyond the nuclear freeze by Robert F. Drinan (9 copies)
Realism and hope in a nuclear age by Kermit D. Johnson (9 copies)
The Nuclear Predicament: An Introduction by Peter R. Beckman (9 copies)
The End by Skip Morrow (8 copies)
Knowing Nukes: The Politics and Culture of the Atom by William Chaloupka (8 copies)
The Soviet Control Structure: Capabilities for Wartime… by William Fontaine Scott (8 copies)
Nuclear Strategy, Arms Control, and the Future by P. Edward Haley (8 copies)
The nuclear future by Michael Mandelbaum (8 copies)
Atomic weapons and armies by Ferdinand Otto Miksche (8 copies)
The Russian threat : its myths and realities by Jim Garrison (8 copies)
Nuclear Warfare (Modern Military Techniques) by Laurence W. Martin (8 copies)
Choices: A unit on conflict and nuclear war : a project of… (8 copies)
Values at war : selected Tanner lectures on the nuclear… by Freeman J. Dyson (7 copies)
The moral dilemma of nuclear weapons; essays from… by William Clancy (7 copies)
American scientists and nuclear weapons policy by Robert Gilpin (7 copies)
Waging nuclear peace : the technology and politics of… by Robert Ehrlich (7 copies)
Risks of unintentional nuclear war by Daniel Frei (7 copies)
The Caveman and the Bomb: Human Nature, Evolution, and… by David P. Barash (7 copies)
The Atomic age by Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (7 copies)
Global Zero Alert for Nuclear Forces (Brookings Occasional… by Bruce G. Blair (7 copies)
Forecast and solution : grappling with the nuclear, a… by Ike Jeanes (6 copies)
Soviet strategy for nuclear war by Joseph D. Douglass (6 copies)
Facing the Nuclear Heresy: A Call to Reformation by G. Clarke Chapman (6 copies)
The Nuclear Controversy (Meridian) by William P. Bundy (6 copies)
Nuclear winter by Gary E. McCuen (6 copies)
SDI and the Alternatives by Simon P Worden (6 copies)
The Strangelove legacy : children, parents and teachers in… by Phyllis La Farge (6 copies)
Nucleus: Reconnecting Science and Religion in the Nuclear… by Scott Thomas Eastham (5 copies)
Israeli Nuclear Deterrence by Shai Feldman (5 copies)
Overkill and Megalove by Norman Corwin (5 copies)
Imagining the real : Australian writing in the nuclear age by Dorothy Green (5 copies)
Nuclear Weapons and the Threat of Nuclear War by John B. Harris (5 copies)
The Nuclear Arms Race (An Impact Book) by L. B. Taylor (5 copies)
Reagan God and the Bomb by Fred H. Knelman (5 copies)
Nuclear Movies: A Critical Analysis and Filmography of… by Mick Broderick (5 copies)
Psychology and the Prevention of Nuclear War: A Book of… by Ralph K. White (5 copies)
The bomb by Sidney Lens (5 copies)
Ethics and Nuclear Strategy? by Harold P. Ford (5 copies)
Controlling Threats to Nuclear Security: A Holistic Model by James L. Ford (5 copies)
Writings on strategy, 1961-1969, and retrospectives by Trachtenbe (4 copies)
Strategic Nuclear War: What the Superpowers Target and Why by William C. Martel (4 copies)
Defense That Defends: Blocking Nuclear Attack by Daniel Orrin Graham (4 copies)
The future of nuclear deterrence by George H. Quester (4 copies)
The State, Society, and Limited Nuclear War (Suny Series in… by Eric Mlyn (4 copies)
The Soviet Calculus of Nuclear War by Roman Kolkowicz (4 copies)
If You Give a Damn About Life by Harold Freeman (4 copies)
We Survive World War Three and You Give Us Light Beer?:… by Pat Bagley (4 copies)
Psychosocial aspects of nuclear developments (3 copies)
Physician's guide to terrorist attack (3 copies)
Nuclear War and Nuclear Strategy: Unfinished Business by Stephen J. Cimbala (3 copies)
What one Christian can do to help prevent nuclear war by Ronald Freund (3 copies)
The Atom Speaks, and Echoes the Word of God by D. Lee Chesnut (3 copies)
Effects of nuclear war on health and health services :… by World Health Organization (3 copies)
The Environmental effects of nuclear war (AAAS selected… by Julius London (3 copies)
The nuclear dilemma : a Christian search for understanding… by Episcopal Church (3 copies)
A strategy for terminating a nuclear war (Westview special… by Clark C. Abt (3 copies)
Nuclear war: the ethic, the rhetoric, the reality;: A… by Justus George Lawler (3 copies)
Strategic arms reductions by Michael M. May (2 copies)
The Military and Industrial Revolution of Our Time by Fritz Sternberg (2 copies)
The tragic bomb by Luis Cabrera (2 copies)
Nuclear Strategizing: Deterrence and Reality by Stephen J. Cimbala (2 copies)
The War & Peace Book by Dave Noble (2 copies)
Nuclear Madness: Religion and the Psychology of the Nuclear… by Ira Chernus (2 copies)
Strategic Impasse: Offense, Defense, and Deterrence Theory… by Stephen J. Cimbala (2 copies)
Lethal frontiers : a Soviet view of nuclear strategy,… by Alekseĭ Georgievich Arbatov (2 copies)
The nuclear arms race by William Gay (2 copies)
Pilgrimage Through a Burning World: Spiritual Practice and… by Ken Butigan (2 copies)
NATO Strategy and Nuclear Defense by Carl H. Amme (2 copies)
God, man, and atomic war by Samuel H. Dresner (2 copies)
DIALOGUE, A Teaching Guide to Nuclear Issues (2 copies)
Chosen Few: Surviving the Nuclear Holocaust by Edward A. Myers (2 copies)
Rethinking nuclear strategy by Stephen J. Cimbala (1 copies)
The Atom Speaks; and Echos From the Word of God by D. Lee Chesnut (1 copies)
Christian faith in a nuclear age by Robert Davidson (1 copies)
Surviving the holocaust : nuclear weapons effects, survival… by Mel Stockwell (1 copies)
The end of the world girl by Joanne Horniman (1 copies)
Structure shielding against fallout gamma rays from nuclear… by L. V. Spencer (1 copies)
Conservation and security in a sustainable society (1 copies)
Victory without war, 1958-1961 by George Fielding Eliot (1 copies)
Medical consequences of nuclear warfare 3 copies by Richard I. Walker (1 copies)
Jane's NBC defence systems (1 copies)
La muerte acecha : el militarismo en la política y la… by Vivian del Rosario Hernández (1 copies)
Ethics and Nuclear Weapons by Jeremy Naydler (1 copies)
Conflict termination and military strategy : coercion,… by Stephen J. Cimbala (1 copies)
Nuclear weapons employment; staff officers field manual by United States (1 copies)
Her geometry : lyric philosophy for the Age of Life by Ann Racuya-Robbins (1 copies)
A way to the pond : lyric philosophy for the Age of Life by Ann Racuya-Robbins (1 copies)
We'll all go together by Philip Neilsen (1 copies)
Nuclear strategy in the nineties : deterrence, defence, and… by Alex Morrison (1 copies)
Nuclear war prevention kit (1 copies)
Nuclear strategy and European security dilemmas : towards… by Panagiōtēs Hēphaistos (1 copies)
Truman's dilemma : invasion or the bomb by Paul D. Walker (1 copies)
Nuclear weapons in the university classroom: an… by Michael S. Hamilton (1 copies)
Children and the threat of nuclear war (1 copies)
The Nuclear Seduction: Why the Arms Race Doesn't… by William A. Schwartz (1 copies)