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World Bank Technical Paper No. 227. Describes lessons learned from involuntary resettlement in Africa and includes proposals for policy, research, and implementation. The World Bank has been involved in some 35 development projects that have resulted in the involuntary relocation of about 250,000 people in Africa. This number is low compared with population displacement caused by wars, ethnic strife, and ecological catastrophes, but resettlement is still a serious issue that the Bank is addressing in formulating land management project policy. To share lessons learned from past resettlement projects and to identify areas in which more work is needed, the World Bank organized a regional conference in Kampala, Uganda. This volume includes presentations made to the conference by a number of distinguished, mostly African, participants. Proposals in three main areas are summarized: first, preparation of resettlement policy proposals on the basis of Bank guidelines and the lessons of experience; second, conduct of additional research on identified issues with support from the international community; and third, establishment of a network of African and non-African professionals and institutions concerned with environment and settlement issues in order to feed research findings back into the policy dialogue.