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Crécy 1346: Triumph of the Longbow

by David Nicolle

Other authors: See the other authors section.

Series: Osprey Campaign: Medieval World (71), Osprey Campaign (71)

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1012268,563 (3.43)None
The Battle of Crecy was the first major land battle of the Hundred Years War (1337-1453). It pitted the French army, then considered the best in Europe, and their miscellaneous allies against the English under King Edward III and the 'Black Prince', who as yet had no great military reputation; this was the battle where he 'won his spurs'. The Genoese crossbowmen were outshot by the English longbows and the pattern was set for the rest of the day: the French cavalry were committed piecemeal in fruitless charges against strong English positions, losing perhaps 10,000 men in the course of the fighting. After almost a millennium in which cavalry had dominated the field of battle, the infantryman, and particularly the longbowman, now ruled supreme.… (more)
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AVBHGAU7
  Mustygusher | Dec 19, 2022 |
The mists of time are somewhat thick around the early stages of the Hundred Years War. There are conflicting accounts and gaps in the evidence; we do not even know if, when Edward III landed in Normandy in 1346, he intended a conquest or merely a grand chevauchée.

[a:David Nicolle|3260|David Nicolle|https://s.gr-assets.com/assets/nophoto/user/m_50x66-82093808bca726cb3249a493fbd3bd0f.png] takes the opposite view on almost all the contentious questions to [a:Burne|193637|Alfred H. Burne|https://s.gr-assets.com/assets/nophoto/user/m_50x66-82093808bca726cb3249a493fbd3bd0f.png] in his classic account of the war. Whereas Burne painted Edward as a great strategist surrounded by talented officers up against a weakling, Philip VI, aided, mostly, by nincompoops, Nicolle sees Edward as more favoured by fortune and Philip as rather shrewd.

While the truth undoubtedly lies somewhere between the two, I can't help feeling it lies closer to Burne than Nicolle. Take two examples. There is an old story that Genoese crossbowmen at Crécy were hindered by the strings on their bows getting wet. Burne discounts this, saying that professional soldiers would have known how to keep their equipment in working order in the face of a common event like rain, as the English longbowmen did. Nicolle, by contrast, credits the story, pointing out that it is more difficult to remove the string from a crossbow than from a longbow. True, but I still think, as Burne argues, that professional, mercenary soldiers would have known how to deal with this.

Second, the day after Crécy, a French force arrived from Abbeville and was seen off in short order. In Nicolle's narrative, they arrived on the battlefield in ignorance of the events of the day before and were surprised by the English. Burne, however, makes the point that the roads in every direction after a debacle like Crécy, would have been packed with survivors, with the road to Abbeville being no exception. Again, I find Burne's version more convincing.

This is a decent introduction to the battle of Crécy, but given the differing interpretations of it, it is best read in conjunction with another. ( )
  JohnPhelan | Oct 4, 2016 |
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Author nameRoleType of authorWork?Status
David Nicolleprimary authorall editionscalculated
Chandler, DavidEditorsecondary authorsome editionsconfirmed
Turner, GrahamIllustratorsecondary authorsome editionsconfirmed
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The Battle of Crecy was the first major land battle of the Hundred Years War (1337-1453). It pitted the French army, then considered the best in Europe, and their miscellaneous allies against the English under King Edward III and the 'Black Prince', who as yet had no great military reputation; this was the battle where he 'won his spurs'. The Genoese crossbowmen were outshot by the English longbows and the pattern was set for the rest of the day: the French cavalry were committed piecemeal in fruitless charges against strong English positions, losing perhaps 10,000 men in the course of the fighting. After almost a millennium in which cavalry had dominated the field of battle, the infantryman, and particularly the longbowman, now ruled supreme.

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