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Many real-world applications of pattern recognition (PR) systems require human post-processing to correct the errors committed by machines. This can create bottlenecks in recognition systems, yielding high operational costs.This important text/reference proposes a radically different approach to this problem, in which users of a system are involved during the recognition process. This can help to avoid later errors and reduce the costs associated with post-processing. The book also examines a range of advanced multimodal interactions between the machine and the users, including handwriting, speech and gestures.Topics and features: presents a thorough introduction to the fundamental concepts and general PR approaches for multimodal interaction modelling and search (or inference); provides numerous examples and a helpful Glossary; includes work carried out in the context of the Spanish research program Multimodal Interaction in Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision (MIPRCV), which involves more than 100 highly-qualified researchers from ten research institutions; discusses approaches for computer-assisted transcription of handwritten and spoken documents; examines systems for computer-assisted language translation, interactive text generation and parsing, relevance-based image retrieval, and interactive document layout analysis; reviews several full working prototypes of multimodal interactive PR applications, including live demonstrations that can be publicly accessed through the Internet.Addressing the emerging field of interactive and multimodal systems in a fresh, unified and integrated way, this unique book is highly recommended reading for graduate students, academic and industrial researchers, lecturers, and practitioners working in the field of pattern recognition.