De Universalibus: Volume 2: On Universals (English translation)

John Wyclif was an English philosopher, theologian, and reformer. Many of his beliefs varied from traditional Church teachings, and some views put him outside of the orthodox fold. He argued, for instance, that ecclesiastical authorities not in a state of grace could be deprived of their endowments by civil authority and that there was no show more scriptural foundation for the religious orders. He also argued against the doctrine of transubstantiation, desiring rather to emphasize the moral and spiritual effects of the Eucharist, a position later condemned by the English church. Wyclif's greatest influence was, interestingly, not in England but in Bohemia, where John Hus preached Wyclif's theology. (Bowker Author Biography) show less