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American political life has long honored the separation of church and state as the best way to protect religion from control by the state, and the state from control by religion. Yet religion has been a critical resource for the moral foundations without which the state crumbles. This same paradox is reflected in the relation between religion and peace. Religion has probably been the single most significant cause of warfare in human history and, at the same time, the single most significant force for peace. The essays in Religion, Politics, and Peace will not untangle the paradox, even though they recognize it. For the most part, they are concerned to explore ways in which religion has both enhanced political life and served the cause of peace.