The Struggle for Greece
by Herodotus
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Written 2 500 years ago and as fresh as a daisy. Herotodus is even-handed (or gives a good impression of even-handedness) and gives us gossip from the Persian side and the Greek sides (I say sides as many of the Greeks were on both sides from time to time, and any looked capable of changing).
There are fantastic descriptions of the massing of the Persian army, giving a sort of roll-call of all the ancient peoples of the Eastern Mediterranean and an insight into the realpolitik of the ancient world. I was also fascinated to learn which rivers ran dry as the Persian army reached them and drank their fill.
There are fantastic descriptions of the massing of the Persian army, giving a sort of roll-call of all the ancient peoples of the Eastern Mediterranean and an insight into the realpolitik of the ancient world. I was also fascinated to learn which rivers ran dry as the Persian army reached them and drank their fill.
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Herodotus was the inventor of universal history. Often called the Father of History, his histories are divided into nine books named after the nine muses. A native of Halicarnassus on the coast of Asia Minor (modern Bodrum, Turkey), he traveled extensively, writing lively descriptions of the lands he saw and the peoples he encountered. Herodotus show more set out to relate the story of the conflict of the Greeks of his own time against the "barbarian" Asiatic empire of Achaemenid Persia. His long narrative, titled by modern convention The Histories, begins with the earliest traditions he believed reliable. It ends with a highly colored account of the defeat of the Persian emperor Xerxes and his immense army of slaves by a much smaller number of Greeks fighting to preserve their freedom. Herodotus wrote history, but his methods and assumptions were not those of a modern historian, and his work was unjustly rejected by his successor Thucydides as factually highly unreliable and full of inappropriate romance. By his own admission, Herodotus retold the stories of other peoples without necessarily believing them all. This allowed him total artistic freedom and control to create a picture of the world that corresponded entirely to his own view of it. The result is a picture of Herodotus's world that is also a picture of his mind and, therefore, of many other Greek minds during the period known as "late Archaic." During this period, the Greek mind was dominated by reason, the domain of the first philosophers and the observant and thoughtful medical theorists of the Hippocratic school. Traditional beliefs in the gods of Homer and in their Oracles, especially the Oracle at Delphi, also dominated during this period. The literary genius of Herodotus consisted in the art of the storyteller. The stories he chose to tell, and the order in which he told them, provide his readers with a total view of his world and the way in which the will of the gods and the ambitions of humans interacted to produce what is known as history. For this reason the ancient critic Longinus justly called Herodotus "the most Homeric of all authors." Like Homer, Herodotus strove to understand the world theologically---a goal that makes his work difficult for the reader to understand at first. But, in place of Homer's divine inspiration, Herodotus used his eyes and ears and wrote not poetry but prose. Rejecting what is commonly known as myth, he accepted instead "oral tradition" about remembered events. For example, although he believed that the Trojan War had been fought, he could not investigate it beyond what the poets had said. In his view this "ancient history" of the Greeks and the peoples of Asia was not like contemporary history, because the heroes of old who had created it were beings of a different and superior order who had had a different, direct, and personal relationship with the gods. In recognizing this distinction, Herodotus defined for all time the limits of the historian's discipline. (Bowker Author Biography) show less
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- Nonfiction, History, General Nonfiction
- DDC/MDS
- 938.03 — History & geography History of ancient world (to ca. 499) Greece to 323 Greece to 323 Persian Wars; Union of Greece (500-479 BC)
- LCC
- PA4003 .E37 — Language and Literature Greek language and literature. Latin language and literature Greek literature Individual authors
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