None

The last novel by Peruvian writer Jose Maria Arguedas, set in the booming port city of Chimbote, is an expression of the human costs of rapid modernization. Tragically, the malaise of the society is reflected in the literal self-destruction of the author, a process chronicled in four diaries woven into the novel itself. Arguedas lost his struggle with suicide as he neared the end of the novel and shot himself to death, closing his own life but deliberately leaving his novel open. Fittingly, the forces of destruction in this rich and fascinating work are wondrously transformed by language and emotion, by faith and redemption. As with the other volumes in the Pittsburgh Editions of Latin American Literature, The Fox From Up Above and the Fox From Down Below contains critical essays providing background and analyses of the text for classroom use.