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This work shows how a remarkable group of ethnic Chinese families is transforming Mainland China. These enterprising leaders fled the mainland after the communist take-over and built extensive business empires throughout Southeast Asia. Thanks to the powerful ties of language and culture, these entrepreneurs are often seen as the most desirable partners for joint ventures in China, and they are responsible for much of the industrialization and modernization of Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Hong Kong, and the booming costal zone of China.