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Celia, a Slave (1991)

by Melton Alonza McLaurin

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402663,172 (3.61)9
Illuminating the moral dilemmas that lie at the heart of a slaveholding society, this book tells the story of a young slave who was sexually exploited by her master and ultimately executed for his murder. Celia was only fourteen years old when she was acquired by John Newsom, an aging widower and one of the most prosperous and respected citizens of Callaway County, Missouri. The pattern of sexual abuse that would mark their entire relationship began almost immediately. After purchasing Celia in a neighboring county, Newsom raped her on the journey back to his farm. He then established her in a small cabin near his house and visited her regularly (most likely with the knowledge of the son and two daughters who lived with him). Over the next five years, Celia bore Newsom two children; meanwhile, she became involved with a slave named George and resolved at his insistence to end the relationship with her master. When Newsom refused, Celia one night struck him fatally with a club and disposed of his body in her fireplace. Her act quickly discovered, Celia was brought to trial. She received a surprisingly vigorous defense from her court-appointed attorneys, who built their case on a state law allowing women the use of deadly force to defend their honor. Nevertheless, the court upheld the tenets of a white social order that wielded almost total control over the lives of slaves. Celia was found guilty and hanged. Melton A. McLaurin uses Celia's story to reveal the tensions that strained the fabric of antebellum southern society. Celia's case demonstrates how one master's abuse of power over a single slave forced whites to make moral decisions about the nature of slavery. McLaurin focuses sharply on the role of gender, exploring the degree to which female slaves were sexually exploited, the conditions that often prevented white women from stopping such abuse, and the inability of male slaves to defend slave women. Setting the case in the context of the 1850s slavery debates, he also probes the manner in which the legal system was used to justify slavery. By granting slaves certain statutory rights (which were usually rendered meaningless by the customary prerogatives of masters), southerners could argue that they observed moral restraint in the operations of their peculiar institution. An important addition to our understanding of the pre-Civil War era, Celia, A Slave is also an intensely compelling narrative of one woman pushed beyond the limits of her endurance by a system that denied her humanity at the most basic level.… (more)
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Celia, a Slave was an 1855 murder trial held in the Circuit Court of Callaway County, Missouri, in
which a slave woman named Celia was tried for the first-degree murder of her owner, Robert Newsom.
Celia was convicted by a jury of twelve white men and sentenced to death.
An appeal of the conviction was denied by the Supreme Court of Missouri in December 1855,
and Celia was hanged on December 21, 1855.
Melton A. McLaurin
July 11, 1941
Melton Alonza McLaurin received his Ph.D. in American history from the University of South Carolina
in 1967 and taught at the University of South Alabama prior to joining the UNCW department of
history as chairperson in 1977. From 1996 until 2003 he served as Associate Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs,
retiring in 2004. He is the author or co-author of nine books and numerous articles on various aspects
of the history of the American South and race relations.
  CarrieFortuneLibrary | Sep 5, 2022 |
A short and slanted book which aims to be historically objective. The author clearly takes the side of abolitionists. A difficult subject about slavery and sexual violence by Slavers upon Blacks during the pre-Civil War years. The narrative is about a young girl who refused sexual demands by her slave owner, killed him and burned his body in her private residence fireplace. Celia (no last name) was charged, convicted and hung after a jury of her master's peers followed the judge's jury instructions to not review self-defense motives against rape as Celia had no rights (at the time) to defend herself except from clear and immanent death threats.
Hard to read. Dry but short and I'm glad to have read this as it made me sick to read about historical accounts of slavery in southern states. A few things seemed odd. McLauren says that the French sold us the Louisana Purchase because the French were afraid of a slave rebellion like they expereinced in Haiti. The French don't care about colonies but they do like money. I was taught they wanted money up front for use back in France. They left Vietnam in the 1950s for the same reasons, They got the US to hold over after their military was overrun by Communists at Battle of Dien Bien Phu, Vietnam.
Slavery was horrible and I'm proud of America but America with slavery would have left the country entirely destroyed. The American democratic experiment would not have survived as Lincoln could see. This is probably one of the reasons I am not interested in the Civil War as opposed to other time periods. I can't yet understand how Christians justified slavery even on political grounds. I'm learning more about the era but it still makes sense to see the war that was needed to put an end to such an abomination. I can see why people might argue that slavery is a permanent stain on America. It is a guilt that we must accept as a fact of history but the question is now why we eventually put an end to it? Who put an end to it? If someone else put an end it, we are still guilty. Are we still the descendents of slavers? The answer is No. The answer leads us to consider why are we more advanced than other countries? We have yet to answer that question other than we are more enlightened about civil rights for citizens and human rights for all. In other words, Americans by being American move the rest of the world forward on what is essentially human perogatives rather than through tribal or royal interests. There have been huge political foreign policy disasters but those are usually hidden by the immoral agents perpetuating them. Transparency in governance is one the bright lights of our Republic.
The cover shows the fireplace consuming the body of the slave owner on the night when Celia was attacked. The title Celia, A Slave is a fragment from the offical case charged: Missouri vs. Celia, a Slave. ( )
  sacredheart25 | Oct 25, 2017 |
Most of the viewers read this as a story of slavery. But why was it instead more a critique of the American legal system at the time. Celia killed her master for attempted rape. The judge disallowed the motive to be presented to the jury. In fact Missouri law did not disallow the rape of a slave woman and she was executed To understand this book, assigned to students with little understanding of the court process. The point of the probably is never truly made. Good in terms of the particulars of the law, not so good as a biography for which it is usually read. ( )
  carterchristian1 | Nov 15, 2014 |
Thoroughly engrossing, even if at times a bit repetitive. ( )
  ScoutJ | Mar 31, 2013 |
I thought Celia, A Slave was very good. I've read a few slave narratives before, but this was a fascinating departure from that. It focuses on the trial of a 19-year-old slave accused of murdering her master in Missouri. It explores the politics of slavery (Kansas was being fought over by pro- and anti-slavery groups at the time), as well as the powerlessness of women, especially slave women, during this period. It was a bit slow reading at first, but once it got to the crime and the trial, I was hooked. It was quite readable for a scholarly work, and was brief enough that it kept my attention. ( )
  srfbluemama | Nov 15, 2009 |
Showing 1-5 of 6 (next | show all)
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To Sandra

in admiration of her
courage and conviction
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[Introduction] The lives of public figures, those whom society comes to regard as great men and women, are often used by historians and biographers to exemplify or define an issue or era from the fast.
Robert Newsom seemed the ideal representative of the family farmers who in 1850 composed the majority of the citizens of Callaway Country, Missouri.
[Conclusions] In a recent essay, historian Darlene Clark Hine observes that "one of the most remarked upon but least analyzed themes in Black women's history" is their "sexual vulnerability and powerlessness as victims of rape and domestic violence."
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Illuminating the moral dilemmas that lie at the heart of a slaveholding society, this book tells the story of a young slave who was sexually exploited by her master and ultimately executed for his murder. Celia was only fourteen years old when she was acquired by John Newsom, an aging widower and one of the most prosperous and respected citizens of Callaway County, Missouri. The pattern of sexual abuse that would mark their entire relationship began almost immediately. After purchasing Celia in a neighboring county, Newsom raped her on the journey back to his farm. He then established her in a small cabin near his house and visited her regularly (most likely with the knowledge of the son and two daughters who lived with him). Over the next five years, Celia bore Newsom two children; meanwhile, she became involved with a slave named George and resolved at his insistence to end the relationship with her master. When Newsom refused, Celia one night struck him fatally with a club and disposed of his body in her fireplace. Her act quickly discovered, Celia was brought to trial. She received a surprisingly vigorous defense from her court-appointed attorneys, who built their case on a state law allowing women the use of deadly force to defend their honor. Nevertheless, the court upheld the tenets of a white social order that wielded almost total control over the lives of slaves. Celia was found guilty and hanged. Melton A. McLaurin uses Celia's story to reveal the tensions that strained the fabric of antebellum southern society. Celia's case demonstrates how one master's abuse of power over a single slave forced whites to make moral decisions about the nature of slavery. McLaurin focuses sharply on the role of gender, exploring the degree to which female slaves were sexually exploited, the conditions that often prevented white women from stopping such abuse, and the inability of male slaves to defend slave women. Setting the case in the context of the 1850s slavery debates, he also probes the manner in which the legal system was used to justify slavery. By granting slaves certain statutory rights (which were usually rendered meaningless by the customary prerogatives of masters), southerners could argue that they observed moral restraint in the operations of their peculiar institution. An important addition to our understanding of the pre-Civil War era, Celia, A Slave is also an intensely compelling narrative of one woman pushed beyond the limits of her endurance by a system that denied her humanity at the most basic level.

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