Days of Toil and Tears: The Child Labour Diary of Flora Rutherford

by Sarah Ellis

Dear Canada (1887)

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An eleven-year-old orphan is reconnected to her mother's family, but her courage and strength are tested as she is put to work in a textile mill.Flora is a young, imaginative girl who has dreamt of having a family to call her own since her parents died from pleurisy when she was three. She dreams of family dinners. She dreams of friends. But mostly she dreams of leaving the orphanage. As the diary begins, Flora is still in an orphanage in Kingston, but her Auntie Janet has just married, and show more she and her husband James send for Flora to come and live with them in Almonte, Ontario. Once she arrives at her aunt's, Flora begins work in the Almonte Mill, even though she is underage — typical for many children of the era. She works from dawn to dusk, near huge and noisy machines, and she sees the effects of the mill on workers who have lost an arm or their hearing. Still, this life is better than going back to the orphanage. But when Uncle James loses several fingers at the weaving machine and can't work anymore, money is really tight, and it's up to Flora and her aunt to find a way out of the predicament.Through all her trials, Flora writes down her feelings in a journal, one she addresses to "Dear Papa and Mama", because it makes her feel close to the parents she lost when she was young. Days of Toil and Tears includes historical background giving readers the social context of young mill workers, and a map of the textile industry of Canada, as well as fascinating photographs from this era. show less

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2 reviews
Young Flora Rutherford grew up in an orphanage in late 19th century Canada, where she and the other children spent their days dreaming up imaginary lives where they had families and homes. So Flora is thrilled when she learns she is to leave the orphanage now that her aunt and uncle have found jobs and a place to live in the mill town of Almonte, Ontario, and can finally provide a home for Flora.

Flora loves her aunt and uncle, who are very kind to her. And she is thrilled to have a family of her own after so many years living in the orphanage. But there is also hardship, as she must become a child laborer at the mill her aunt and uncle work at, rather than go to school and play with her friends as a child should. Flora describes show more everything that happens to her in a diary written to her parents who died when she was young.

Days of Toil and Tears is an excellent book from the Dear Canada series (a Canadian version of the Dear America series) that shows the hardships of life for poor children in the 1800s, who often had to give up their childhood and work grueling jobs so their families could surive. This is a good book to give to a preteen who enjoys historical fiction, and although I am much older than the target audience, I did really enjoy this book as I love historical fiction written in diary format - the Dear America series was my favorite series as a preteen and young teen and I was so sad when they stopped publishing them, so I was thrilled to find the Dear Canada series.
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Exciting to read to my daughter, as Flora worked on exactly the same floor (same building rennovated into condos 20 years ago) as we live! Great to track the characters up and down the still-existant streets & landmarks. Well researched.

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29+ Works 1,640 Members
Sarah Ellis is an acclaimed children's writer, librarian, speaker and journalist whose books for young readers have won every major children's award in Canada. She has Masters' degrees in library science and children's literature and has taught children's literature at universities across Canada, and in the United States, Europe and Japan. Sarah show more lives in Vancouver, British Columbia show less

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Common Knowledge

Canonical title
Days of Toil and Tears: The Child Labour Diary of Flora Rutherford
Original publication date
2008
Important places
Almonte, Ontario, Canada

Classifications

Genres
Fiction and Literature, Kids, Children's Books
DDC/MDS
813.54Literature & rhetoricAmerican literature in EnglishAmerican fiction in English1900-19991945-1999
LCC
PZ7 .E4758 .DLanguage and LiteratureFiction and juvenile belles lettresFiction and juvenile belles lettresJuvenile belles lettres
BISAC

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Members
137
Popularity
237,886
Reviews
2
Rating
(3.79)
Languages
English, French
Media
Paper, Ebook
ISBNs
4
ASINs
1