The Testament of Cresseid & Seven Fables

by Robert Henryson

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The greatest of the late medieval Scots makars, Robert Henryson was influenced by their vision of the frailty and pathos of human life, and by the inherited poetic example of Geoffrey Chaucer. Henrysons finest poem, and one of the rhetorical masterpieces of Scots literature, is the narrative Testament of Cresseid. Set in the aftermath of the Trojan War, the Testament completes the story of Chaucers Troilus and Criseyde, offering a tragic account of its faithless heroines rejection by her show more lover, Diomede, and of her subsequent decline into prostitution and leprosy. Written in Middle Scots, a distinctive northern version of English, the Testament has been translated by Seamus Heaney into a confident but faithful idiom that matches the original verse form and honors the poems unique blend of detachment and compassion. A master of high narrative, Henryson was also a comic master of the verse fable, and his burlesques of human weakness in the guise of animal wisdom are delicately pointed with irony. Seven of the Fables are here sparklingly translated by Heaney, their freshness rendered to the last claw and feather. Together, The Testament of Cresseid and Seven Fables provide a rich and wide-ranging encounter between two poets across six centuries. show less

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A convenient assembly of the Testament along with some of the fables, with the original Middle Scots texts on the verso pages. I give the book itself only 2**, however, and perhaps I'm being a bit parsimonious, but I dislike the quality of Heaney's translations. Going from Middle Scots (a fifteenth century dialect of Middle English, not the Gaelic of the highlands) to modern English should be easier than going from Chaucer's century-older dialect into modern English; but Heaney gets too creative and does not adhere to the strict rhyme that he should have employed to mirror Henryson's rhyme royal.

And really, all you need to read Henryson is a decent marginal (or footnoted, but not inconveniently endnoted) glossary of unfamiliar show more vocabulary and occasional unfamiliar syntactic structures. Do that and Henryson is no more difficult a read than Wuthering Heights with its Yorkshire dialect of Heathcliff's servant Joseph.

Heaney's translation did the service of popularizing Henryson to a degree with modern readers. But if you want to read Henryson, find a text (not that hard to find, and Heaney makes reference to such in his introduction) of Henryson in the original with the appropriate glossing.

Note that I've known the Testament for over half-a-century, going back to my college days. In fact, I used to have a running debate (very friendly) with Villanova University's medieval English lit professor, Joe Reino, as to the greatest Troilus story after Chaucer's. We both agreed that Shakespeare's play was one of his weaker, but Professor Reino chose Boccaccio's Il Filostrato second while I went with Henryson (but, in fairness, not knowing Italian then or now, making a judgment based solely on a prose translation of Il Filostrato). I'd never gotten around to any of the fables, however, so this volume was a useful Henryson supplement for me.

Incidentally, there's also an opera by William Walton dating back to the 1950s which I got a CD of many years ago. If I can't find it, I might get hold of another copy on eBay or Abe, though I don't have all that fond a recollection of the opera and it doesn't seem to have a lot of popularity today.

2** to Heaney, though to Henryson himself (in my opinion, the greatest Scottish poet, surpassing Burns) I'd give 5*****.
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17+ Works 383 Members
Scottish poet Robert Henryson lived in the 15th century. Little is known about his life, but his poetry suggests that he may have been a lawyer and teacher, perhaps teaching at the Benedictine Abbey at Dunfermline. Henryson's greatest works are The Testament of Cresseid, a sequel to Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde, and The Morall Fabills of Esope show more the Phyrgian, a collection of works based on Aesop's fables. (Bowker Author Biography) show less

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Heaney, Seamus (Translator)

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Common Knowledge

Canonical title
The Testament of Cresseid & Seven Fables
Original publication date
c. 1500
People/Characters
Cressida

Classifications

Genres
Poetry, Fiction and Literature
DDC/MDS
821.2Literature & rhetoricEnglish & Old English literaturesEnglish poetry1400-1558
LCC
PR1990 .H4 .A6Language and LiteratureEnglishEnglish LiteratureAnglo-Norman period. Early English. Middle English
BISAC

Statistics

Members
146
Popularity
223,187
Reviews
1
Rating
(3.20)
Languages
English, Scots
Media
Paper
ISBNs
5