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Henri Bergson (1859–1941)

Author of Creative Evolution

130+ Works 5,399 Members 50 Reviews 14 Favorited

About the Author

Born in Paris in 1859 of Jewish parents, Henri Bergson received his education there and subsequently taught at Angers and Clermont-Ferraud before returning to Paris. He was appointed professor of philosophy at the College de France in 1900 and elected a member of the French Academy in 1914. Bergson show more developed his philosophy by stressing the biological and evolutionary elements involved in thinking, reasoning, and creating. He saw the vitalistic dimension of the human species as being of the greatest importance. Bergson's writings were acclaimed not only in France and throughout the learned world. In 1927 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature. In defiance of the Nazis after their conquest of France, Bergson insisted on wearing a yellow star to show his solidarity with other French Jews. Shortly before his death in 1941, Bergson gave up all his positions and renounced his many honors in protest against the discrimination against Jews by the Nazis and the Vichy French regime. (Bowker Author Biography) show less

Works by Henri Bergson

Creative Evolution (1907) 1,038 copies, 14 reviews
Matter and Memory (1896) 898 copies, 6 reviews
Laughter: An Essay on the Meaning of the Comic (1900) 687 copies, 11 reviews
The Two Sources of Morality and Religion (1932) 480 copies, 4 reviews
Mind-Energy (1919) 123 copies
Mémoire et vie (1975) 54 copies, 1 review
Dreams (1901) 54 copies, 1 review
Oeuvres (1959) 15 copies
Bergson (1996) 11 copies
Selections from Bergson; (1949) 10 copies
Conferenza sui fantasmi (1993) 6 copies
La conscience et la vie (2011) 6 copies
L'Ame et le Corps (2000) 6 copies
Henri Bergson (2015) 5 copies
Philosophie der Dauer (2013) 4 copies
Il possibile e il reale (2011) 3 copies
Opere 1889-1896 3 copies, 1 review
Etik ve Politika Dersleri (2016) 2 copies
OEUVRES 1 copy
Works of Henri Bergson (2013) 1 copy
Correspondances (2002) 1 copy
Écrits philosophiques (2011) 1 copy
Opere 1 copy
La Inteligencia (2014) 1 copy
uvres / 1 copy
Correspondances II (2024) 1 copy
lecons clermontoises (2003) 1 copy

Associated Works

The Age of Analysis: The 20th Century Philosophers (1955) — Contributor — 441 copies, 2 reviews
The Nobel Prize Treasury (1948) — Contributor — 88 copies, 1 review
Henri Bergson (1999) — Auteur, some editions — 40 copies, 2 reviews
Nobel Writers on Writing (2000) — Contributor — 15 copies
Bergson and Philosophy (1999) 13 copies
Los premios Nobel de Literatura (Vol. III) (1978) — Author — 11 copies, 1 review
The New Bergson (1999) 11 copies

Tagged

20th century (38) Bergson (61) comedy (28) consciousness (18) ebook (16) essay (37) essays (30) ethics (26) evolution (51) France (32) French (51) French philosophy (30) Henri Bergson (35) humor (43) literary criticism (20) memory (29) metaphysics (81) Modern Philosophy (15) Nobel Prize (32) non-fiction (127) phenomenology (27) philosophy (1,001) psychology (54) religion (53) science (33) theory (29) time (35) to-read (263) translation (15) wishlist (15)

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Reviews

57 reviews
Um ensaio simpático que expõe a concepção vitalista bergsoniana do que é a metafísica e de porque ela sobreviveria aos impedimentos kantianos. Não obstante, é bastante difícil para mim aceitar as ideias postas da maneira como o são: a intuição que apreende o processual/móvel/contínuo que se essencializa na noção de duração me é demasiado psicologicamente humana e eu diria que a ideia de continuidade é hipostasiada. Embora eu acredite em um papel importante da intuição, show more tudo aquilo que reforça uma oposição entre conceito fixo e redutor e a intuição como o lugar real da apreensão, dando espaço ao inefável, leva-me a pensar como o conceito de conceito estaria possivelmente sendo pensado de modo incompleto, ou frágil. show less
This book is not an easy read; it took me about two months to get through it. I was brought to it by my curiosity about Bergson as a figure in philosophical history, and the topic of memory. It is a profoundly interesting treatment of central philosophical questions, challenging the twin inadequacies of materialism and idealism, and ultimately suggesting a useful approach to the relationship between body and mind quite different from the sort of naive Cartesianism that continues to be show more popular and reflexive in our culture long past its real credibility for serious thinkers.

Bergson makes extensive use of the psychopathological literature of his day in his arguments about the nature of memory in relation to the brain (the second chapter of the book). And while there have certainly been enormous advances in neurophysiology since the late 19th century, I don't think that any of them obsolete his conclusions or invalidate the sort of data that he brings to bear.

His physics is more primitive than his psychology, and his repeated use of the word "relative" in the brief physics discussions of the fourth chapter (e.g. 193-196) should not be mistaken for (anachronistic) allusion to Einsteinian relativity. Still, these were points of orientation to connect with the science of the time, and they rest on the surface of the argument, not in its core.

Bergson's grounding of his theory in the bedrock of "images" reminds me of my readings in the phenomenological philosophy of Edmund Husserl and his successors, but I found Bergson's work to be clearer and more persuasive. If I were to propose a later thinker who dealt with similar questions in a different yet comparably effective manner, it would have to be Gregory Bateson (in certain essays found in Sacred Unity).

According to a note in Wikipedia, this book was placed on the Catholic Index Librorum Prohibitorum for Bergson's alleged pantheism. I personally can't find an iota of theological opinion in the book; it must have been lumped in with other work of the author.

"Memory is thus the reverberation, in the sphere of consciousness, of the indetermination of our will." (65)

"Memory is, then, in no degree an emanation of matter; on the contrary, matter, as grasped in concrete perception which always occupies a certain duration, is in great part the work of memory." (182)
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Questo libro apparso oltre un secolo fa, nel 1907, solo in apparenza sembra un trattato di filosofia per i suoi lineamenti sistematici e universali. Si tratta, in realtà, di un libro fatto di semplici e solenni meditazioni che si collegano a due o tre intuizioni di grande ed affascinante profondità. Di fatto, ognuno che legge questo libro, e anche chi non lo legge, puoi rendersi conto quanto sia faticoso capire la natura degli uomini e delle loro cose.

E' il cervello a dircelo, con le show more difficoltà che tutti conosciamo, a farlo funzionare nel modo migliore. Che cos'è la vita è il problema che Bergson affronta a viso aperto, con tranquilla disinvoltura: la vita, o forse meglio dire, la materia vivente, contrapposta alla fissità immobile, meccanica della materia inerte. Continuità di mutamento, attività incessante ed imprevedibile, conservazione del passato nel presente, durata del tempo. La materia vivente condivide per Bergson tutti i suoi attributi con la coscienza. Lui sostiene che soltanto per la materia vivente esiste il tempo, per questa ragione la vita è un continuo divenire, flusso ininterrotto, libera e perpetua creazione, corrente di coscienza che si insinua nella materia asservendola a sè ma anche rimandone limitata e condizionata.

Gli scontri con la vita con la materia segnano la grande strada su cui cammina l'evoluzione dell'universo. L'intelligenza umana, capace di rappresentare a se stessa soltanto ciò che è immobile e quindi soltanto la morte, potrà forse capire le leggi della materia, potrà matematizzare e fisicizzare il mondo, ma non potrà mai capire la vita. "Vi sono cose, lui dice, che solo l'intelligenza può cercare, ma che per suo conto non potrà mai trovare. Queste cose, solo l'istinto sarebbe capace di trovarle, ma l'istinto non le cercherà mai".
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Pequena palestra sobre sonhos, transformada em livro. De fato interessante, embora sucinta demais. Bergson, como bom Platônico, acredita que nossa memória não esquece. A ação da nossa imaginação, na falta de estímulos sensíveis fortes o suficiente para garantir a realidade da conexão entre memória, percepção e mundo, acarreta os sonhos. Assim, as conexões são feitas entre esímulos vagos e esfumaçados e as memórias. Intervêm uma operação de resolução da conexão de uma show more coisa a outra, que piora a situação, dando-lhe uma narrativa incongruente. Um pouco como se estivéssemos a resolver uma "função custo", aproximando o que seria mais apropriado para ser evocado por um borrão específico, aqui e ali. show less

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Works
130
Also by
11
Members
5,399
Popularity
#4,618
Rating
½ 3.7
Reviews
50
ISBNs
665
Languages
24
Favorited
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