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George Orwell (1903–1950)

Author of Nineteen Eighty-Four

392+ Works 221,440 Members 3,381 Reviews 976 Favorited
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About the Author

George Orwell was born Eric Arthur Blair on June 25, 1903 in Motihari in Bengal, India and later studied at Eton College for four years. He was an assistant superintendent with the Indian Imperial Police in Burma. He left that position after five years and moved to Paris, where he wrote his first show more two books: Burmese Days and Down and Out in Paris and London. He then moved to Spain to write but decided to join the United Workers Marxist Party Militia. After being decidedly opposed to communism, he served in the British Home Guard and with the Indian Service of the BBC during World War II. After the war, he wrote for the Observer and was literary editor for the Tribune. His best known works are Animal Farm and 1984. His other works include A Clergyman's Daughter, Keep the Aspidistra Flying, The Road to Wigan Pier, Homage to Catalonia, and Coming Up for Air. He died on January 21, 1950 at the age of 46. (Bowker Author Biography) show less
Disambiguation Notice:

George Orwell is the pen name used by Eric Arthur Blair.

Do NOT combine this page with "Orwell". There are other authors who share that surname. Thank you.

Image credit: Photographie d'Orwell sur sa carte de membre du Syndicat national des journalistes (National Union of Journalists (en)) en 1943

Series

Works by George Orwell

Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) 94,375 copies, 1,450 reviews
Animal Farm (1945) — Author — 70,102 copies, 1,007 reviews
Down and Out in Paris and London (1933) 8,749 copies, 152 reviews
Homage to Catalonia (1938) 7,142 copies, 130 reviews
Animal Farm / 1984 (1945) 4,229 copies, 36 reviews
Burmese Days (1934) 4,206 copies, 86 reviews
The Road to Wigan Pier (1937) 3,979 copies, 54 reviews
Keep the Aspidistra Flying (1936) 3,392 copies, 57 reviews
Coming Up for Air (1939) 2,514 copies, 50 reviews
Why I Write (1946) 2,223 copies, 22 reviews
A Collection of Essays (1953) 1,708 copies, 21 reviews
A Clergyman's Daughter (1935) 1,477 copies, 10 reviews
The Complete Novels of George Orwell (1976) 1,033 copies, 10 reviews
Inside the Whale and Other Essays (1940) 990 copies, 8 reviews
Essays (2000) 839 copies, 9 reviews
Books v. Cigarettes (2008) 775 copies, 20 reviews
Shooting an Elephant and Other Essays (1950) 670 copies, 14 reviews
Essays (Penguin) (1984) 666 copies, 7 reviews
All Art Is Propaganda (2008) 538 copies, 8 reviews
Politics and the English Language (1946) 520 copies, 15 reviews
Facing Unpleasant Facts (2009) 362 copies, 5 reviews
Notes on Nationalism (1945) 356 copies, 8 reviews
Diaries (2009) 293 copies, 7 reviews
Orwell in Spain (Penguin Modern Classics) (1986) 193 copies, 4 reviews
George Orwell: A Life in Letters (2010) 189 copies, 2 reviews
1984 [Penguin Readers] (1983) 182 copies, 5 reviews
Decline of the English Murder (1946) 175 copies, 1 review
In Defence of English Cooking (2005) 164 copies, 2 reviews
Animal Farm and Related Readings (1900) 159 copies, 1 review
The War Commentaries (1985) 156 copies, 6 reviews
Orwell on Truth (2017) 149 copies, 5 reviews
Some Thoughts on the Common Toad (2010) 120 copies, 3 reviews
Fighting in Spain (Penguin Great Journeys) (2007) 120 copies, 3 reviews
Orwell: The Lost Writings (1985) 118 copies, 1 review
Pages from a Scullion's Diary (Penguin 60s) (1995) 113 copies, 1 review
Such, Such Were the Joys (1989) 108 copies, 1 review
Fascism and Democracy (2020) 106 copies, 1 review
Orwell: The Observer Years (2003) 84 copies, 2 reviews
Dickens, Dali and Others (1946) 83 copies, 1 review
The War Broadcasts (1985) 76 copies, 3 reviews
England Your England (2017) 65 copies
Selected Writings (1993) 57 copies
The English People (1947) 44 copies
Fifty Orwell Essays (2010) 37 copies, 1 review
Critical Essays (1946) 36 copies
Romanzi e saggi (2000) 33 copies
Can Socialists be Happy? (1943) 30 copies
Bookshop Memories (2021) 29 copies, 2 reviews
Orwell on Freedom (2018) 27 copies, 1 review
England Your England and Other Essays (1995) — Author — 27 copies
Dagboeken 1931-1949 (2014) 27 copies
Rache ist sauer (2003) 26 copies
Over nationalisme (2023) 24 copies, 1 review
Sommes-nous ce que nous lisons ? (2022) 21 copies, 2 reviews
Una buena taza de té (1985) 20 copies, 1 review
Denken mit Orwell (1991) 19 copies
Ensaios (2021) 18 copies
A Hanging (2021) 18 copies
Œuvres (2020) 13 copies
Narrative Essays (2009) 11 copies
1984 em quadrinhos (2021) 11 copies
1984 : el manga (1900) 9 copies
How the poor die (Now) (2021) 9 copies
Charles Dickens. Ein Essay. (1993) 9 copies, 2 reviews
Meistererzählungen (2003) 9 copies
Skotnyy dvor. Esse (2014) 7 copies
George Orwell 6 copies
George Orwell 5 copies
The Collected Non-Fiction (2017) 5 copies
Gandhi w brzuchu wieloryba (2014) 5 copies, 2 reviews
Über George Orwell. (1984) 5 copies
Confessions of a Book Reviewer 4 copies, 1 review
194 4 copies
Writers and Leviathan (1948) 4 copies
Obra selecta (2020) 3 copies
I ślepy by dostrzegł (1990) 3 copies
George Orwell 2 (1983) 3 copies
Jak wam się podoba (2023) 2 copies
Why I Write {essay} 2 copies, 1 review
Notes on Dali 2 copies
Los desplazados 2 copies
Anglicy i inne eseje (2013) 2 copies
Moja wojna 2 copies
Faþizm Kehanetleri (2016) 2 copies
Neden Yaziyorum (2013) 2 copies
オーウェル評論集 (1982) 2 copies
Poesía completa (2016) 2 copies
Eseje : [(wybór)] (1985) 2 copies
Verità/menzogna (2018) 2 copies
The works (1996) 1 copy
Dnevniki 1 copy
Marrakech 1 copy
Animal Farm: Literature Guidelines (1989) — Author — 1 copy
Carti Sau Tigari (2021) 1 copy
Glotnut vozduha (2024) 1 copy
Fifty Essential Essays (2014) 1 copy
Romanzi : Volume primo (1994) 1 copy
My Sin 1 copy
Savas Günlükleri (2022) 1 copy
Kitchener 1 copy
"New Words" 1 copy
Hor napl (2002) 1 copy
1985 1 copy
Dalje për ajër 1 copy, 1 review
Animal House 1 copy
The Moon Under Water 1 copy, 1 review
The Spike 1 copy
Totalitarizm Üzerine (2021) 1 copy
Selected readings (2021) 1 copy

Associated Works

The Art of the Personal Essay (1994) — Contributor — 1,521 copies, 11 reviews
The Penguin Book of War (1999) — Contributor — 497 copies, 1 review
1984: The Graphic Novel (2020) — Contributor — 486 copies, 14 reviews
Literature: The Human Experience (2006) — Contributor — 367 copies
Animal Farm: The Graphic Novel (2018) — Contributor — 336 copies, 10 reviews
The 40s: The Story of a Decade (2014) — Contributor — 329 copies, 7 reviews
The Norton Anthology of English Literature, 4th Edition, Volume 2 (1979) — Contributor — 271 copies, 1 review
Animal Farm [1999 TV movie] (1999) — Original book — 262 copies, 2 reviews
The Art of Fact: A Historical Anthology of Literary Journalism (1997) — Contributor — 225 copies, 1 review
The Moral Life: An Introductory Reader in Ethics and Literature (1999) — Contributor — 205 copies, 2 reviews
1984 [1984 film] (1984) — Original novel — 191 copies, 5 reviews
The Mark Twain Anthology: Great Writers on His Life and Work (2010) — Contributor — 160 copies, 1 review
The Norton Book of Personal Essays (1997) — Contributor — 151 copies, 1 review
Love of Life and Other Stories (1907) — Introduction, some editions — 146 copies, 3 reviews
The Anarchist Reader (1977) — Author, some editions — 136 copies, 1 review
Eight Modern Essayists (Second Edition) (1965) — Contributor — 126 copies, 1 review
The Utopia Reader (1999) — Contributor — 125 copies, 1 review
The Mammoth Book of True War Stories (1992) — Contributor — 97 copies
Animal Farm [1954 film] (1954) — Original book — 86 copies, 1 review
1984 - George Orwell (SparkNotes) (2002) — Associated Name — 84 copies
The Grim Reader: Writings on Death, Dying, and Living On (1997) — Contributor — 65 copies
1984 (Oberon Modern Plays) (2013) — Original novel — 63 copies, 1 review
George Orwell's 1984: A Play (1963) — Original story — 61 copies
What’s Language Got to Do with It? (2005) — Contributor — 57 copies, 2 reviews
The Play of George Orwell's Animal Farm (1985) — Original book — 49 copies
The Penguin Book of Spanish Civil War Verse (1980) — Contributor — 44 copies, 1 review
Penguin Modern Classics: The Complete List (2011) — Contributor — 38 copies
Partisan Review (1998) — Contributor, some editions — 38 copies
The Penguin Book of Twentieth-Century Protest (1998) — Contributor — 37 copies
Patterns of Exposition, Alternate Edition (1976) — Contributor — 31 copies
Trial and Error: An Oxford Anthology of Legal Stories (1998) — Contributor — 27 copies
A Book of Essays (1963) — Contributor — 27 copies
Graham Greene: A Collection of Critical Essays (1973) — Contributor — 25 copies
Classic Essays in English (1961) — Contributor — 23 copies
Encounters: Essays for Exploration and Inquiry (1999) — Contributor — 19 copies
1984 [1956 film] (1956) — Original novel — 19 copies, 2 reviews
La ferme des animaux (1985) 16 copies
Utopie (2006) — Contributor — 14 copies
Homenaje a Cataluña (versión gráfica) (2019) — original author — 13 copies
Animal Farm (Stage Version) (2005) — Original book — 12 copies
England forteller : britiske og irske noveller (1970) — Contributor — 10 copies
Het is een cadeautje: Boekhandelsverhalen (2024) — Contributor — 10 copies, 1 review
Writer to Writer: Readings on the Craft of Writing (1966) — Contributor — 8 copies
British and American Essays, 1905-1956 (1959) — Contributor — 7 copies
Kipling and the Critics (1965) — Contributor — 6 copies
Other Nations: Animals in Modern Literature (2010) — Contributor — 4 copies
Eight Modern Essayists (Sixth Edition) (2007) — Contributor — 3 copies
Let Us Be Men (1969) — Contributor — 3 copies
Horizon 21 (September 1941) — Contributor — 2 copies
1984: Royal Opera Covent Garden [2006 film] (2006) — Original book — 2 copies
Ensayistas ingleses — Contributor — 2 copies
1984: (stage version) (2021) 1 copy
7 Novel Dystopian Collection — Contributor — 1 copy
Eight Modern Essayists (First Edition) — Contributor — 1 copy

Tagged

20th century (1,716) allegory (1,002) big brother (752) British (1,088) British literature (1,328) classic (4,044) classics (4,096) communism (1,183) dystopia (4,956) dystopian (1,448) England (767) English (809) English literature (1,618) essays (2,011) fantasy (656) fiction (14,437) George Orwell (944) history (1,108) literature (3,143) memoir (855) non-fiction (2,040) novel (2,329) Orwell (1,270) politics (3,255) read (2,475) satire (1,796) science fiction (4,713) socialism (609) to-read (5,705) totalitarianism (1,363)

Common Knowledge

Members

Discussions

January 2026: George Orwell in Monthly Author Reads (February 4)
New LE: 1984 in Folio Society Devotees (November 2024)
Gollancz's George Orwell business files in George Orwell (August 2024)
St. James Park Press - forthcoming 1984 edition. in Fine Press Forum (May 2024)
Artist wants copies of 1984 in Book talk (January 2024)
Group Read, August 2021: Burmese Days in 1001 Books to read before you die (May 2022)
Bokcirkel om Orwells 1984 i mars in Swedish Thing (April 2022)
November 2021: George Orwell in Monthly Author Reads (December 2021)
New Suntup 1984 in Fine Press Forum (April 2021)

Reviews

3,569 reviews
Orwell delves into the uncomfortable subject of poverty, but there's few you can trust as much as him to make the journey worthwhile. Initially he dodges homelessness but eventually falls prey and descends to the tramp life, the very lowest rung on the social ladder. His life at that point becomes merely existence, consumed by daily strategizing over how to find the next meal, the next bed. More often than not the food will be insufficient, the bed hardly better than sleeping on the ground. show more Fortunately he has a lifeline, a light at the end of the tunnel, which is more hope than his fellow travelers can rely on.

It's an extremely sympathetic portrayal of his fellows, a creditable job of portraying tramps as weakened by circumstance and not weak by nature. The stories he shares of their travails bear parallel echoes of the stories of life at any level - lucky moments, tragic setbacks, funny circumstance. Discomfort and indignities are the paramount differences around which tramp life revolves. There is still nobility, morality and brotherhood. As with every echelon, this one too has its social rules. Orwell learns the hard way what perfect honesty gets him, who he owes it to and who he does not. He also learns the vital importance of who you know, and who you trust.

Society's supports may differ today, but I can imagine the experience of subsistence is largely the same as what's described here from a hundred years ago. Orwell has some suggestions for how more comfort and dignity might be provided and it always begins with acknowledging the homeless as people like anyone else, desirous of living and thinking beyond just the moment.
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Reading this for the first time as it never came up as assigned reading in school. Figured now was as good a time as any to experience 1984. And I don’t think I could’ve been more right while simultaneously being more wrong.

Choosing this moment to read about an evil totalitarian government who changes history, erases people, rewrites facts, silences any who oppose or challenge them, and demands your love for it all… Ya I didn’t need to immerse in this right now.

I will proudly cling show more to my printed copy of this until the day BB demands I burn it (and probably for awhile after that)… but I will never ever read this on purpose again. I made annotations for reference if need be, but I hate this so much. I hate this for us. show less
Yeesh. You know when satire is so spot-on that it becomes too uncomfortable to bear? That is what happened here with Gordon Comstock, a pretentious poet who yearns to escape money’s corrupting influence on his artistic aspirations by quitting his job and trying to live a life of “integrity.” Gordon has to learn the hard way what Maugham succinctly states in Of Human Bondage: “Money is like a sixth sense without which you cannot make a complete use of the other five.”



It turns out show more that poverty ain’t all it’s cracked up to be (it also doesn’t hurt that Gordon has no talent or work-ethic). Gordon is just the worst and reading about his spectacular screw ups made me genuinely uncomfortable. If you too hate money and have a strong stomach for unsavory characters, maybe give this one a go if; if not, don’t feel too bad about skipping out on this early Orwell experiment. show less
Short summary:
This book follows Winston Smith, a man living in the totalitarian state of Oceania, where every part of life is controlled by the Party and its leader, Big Brother. Citizens are constantly watched through telescreens, and even independent thoughts are considered crimes. Winston works at the Ministry of Truth, where his job is to rewrite historical records and newspaper articles so that the past always matches whatever the Party currently claims is true.

Even though he has
show more lived under this system his whole life, Winston secretly hates the Party and begins committing small acts of rebellion. He starts writing in a forbidden diary and questioning the reality that the Party presents. Eventually he begins a secret relationship with Julia, a woman who also quietly resists the Party in her own way. For a while they believe they might have found small moments of freedom within a completely controlled society.

Later, an influential Party member named O’Brien pretends to be part of a secret resistance group called the Brotherhood and gives Winston a book that supposedly explains how the Party maintains its power. Winston believes there might actually be a rebellion against the system.

However, everything turns out to be a trap. Winston and Julia are arrested by the Thought Police and taken to the Ministry of Love, where Winston is tortured and psychologically broken. O’Brien reveals that the Party’s goal is not just obedience but total control over truth and reality itself. Through torture and fear, Winston eventually betrays Julia and abandons his rebellious thoughts.

By the end of the novel, Winston is released back into society as a completely changed person. The Party has successfully broken him, and he no longer questions its authority. Sitting alone in a café, he finally accepts the reality the Party has created and realizes that he truly loves Big Brother.


Review:
This book completely lived up to the hype for me. I absolutely loved it.

What immediately stood out to me is how unsettling and believable the world feels. The society in 1984 is built around total control. The Party doesn’t just control people’s actions but also their thoughts, their memories, and even the meaning of words. The idea that history can simply be rewritten whenever it becomes inconvenient is one of the most disturbing aspects of the book.

The structure of the government, especially the four ministries, really shows how extreme this control is. The names themselves are already disturbing because they mean the exact opposite of what the institutions actually do:
The Ministry of Truth is where Winston works. Despite its name, it is responsible for spreading lies. Employees constantly rewrite historical records, newspapers, and documents so that the past always matches whatever the Party currently claims is true. If the Party predicted something that didn’t happen, the records are simply changed so it looks like they were right all along. The idea that the past can be constantly rewritten like this is one of the most disturbing concepts in the book.
The Ministry of Love is probably the most terrifying one. Instead of love, it is where prisoners are tortured until they completely submit to the Party. The goal isn’t just punishment. The Party wants to break people mentally so that they truly believe in its power. By the time Winston leaves the Ministry of Love, he isn’t just pretending to obey the Party anymore. His mind has been completely reshaped.
Then there is the Ministry of Peace, which is responsible for war. Oceania is constantly fighting one of the other superstates, and the war never seems to end. The war keeps people distracted, afraid, and united against a common enemy. It’s another way the Party maintains control over society.
Finally there is the Ministry of Plenty, which supposedly manages the economy and resources. In reality it constantly announces false production numbers and claims that living conditions are improving, even though people are actually living with shortages and rationing. Just like everything else in this society, even basic facts about everyday life are manipulated.
All of these ministries together create a system where the Party controls not just people’s actions but their understanding of reality itself. History, language, information, and even personal memories are constantly shaped by those in power.

I also really loved the section with the book that O’Brien gives Winston. It explains the structure of the Party’s power and how the system is designed to keep itself in control forever. That part of the novel slows the story down a bit, but I found it fascinating because it makes the entire world of the book feel even more real and terrifying.

What really makes this book stand out to me, though, is the ending. Most dystopian stories follow a similar structure where the main character eventually fights back against the system or at least manages to escape it in some way. 1984 does something completely different. Instead of giving the reader hope, the story shows just how powerful and overwhelming the system really is.
Winston doesn’t just get punished physically. The Party slowly breaks down his entire sense of reality and identity. By the end, he isn’t just pretending to obey the Party to survive. He genuinely believes in it. That transformation is what makes the ending so disturbing and memorable.

It’s rare to read a dystopian story that fully commits to such a bleak conclusion. Instead of offering a hopeful rebellion or a chance for change, the book shows what a system of absolute control could actually look like if it truly succeeded.

Final Thoughts:
This book is one of the most powerful dystopian stories I’ve read. The world is unsettling, the ideas behind the system are deeply disturbing, and the ending is completely different from what most stories in this genre usually do. Instead of offering hope, the book shows just how terrifying total control over truth and reality could be. It’s a very intense reading experience, and I’m really glad I finally read it.
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Awards

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Associated Authors

Ian Angus Editor
Fritz Senn Editor
Peter Hobley Davison Editor, Foreword
Bernard Crick Introduction
Ben Pimlott Introduction
D. J. Taylor Foreword
Peter Noble Narrator
W. J. West Editor, Composer
John Carey Editor, Introduction
Ariel Dorfman Contributor
Osip Mandelstam Contributor
Margaret Atwood Contributor
Kurt Vonnegut Contributor
Michael Kort Contributor
Daphne Du Maurier Contributor
Richard Bradford Introduction
Anssi Halmesvirta Suomentaja ja toimittaja
Tuomas Laine-Frigren Suomentaja ja toimittaja
Humphrey Sutton Cover photograph
Chaaya Prabhat Cover artist
Julian Symons Introduction
C. R. W. Nevinson Cover artist
W. H. Chong Cover designer
Alex Williamson Illustrator, cover artist
Georges Rohner Cover artist
Kiko Farkas Book & cover designer
Regina Silveira Illustrator
Marion Deuchars Cover artist
Nathan Burton Cover designer
Jamie Keenan Cover designer
lopezarturo Narrator
brzezinskianton Cover artist
Rasmus Pettersson Cover designer
Felipe Sabatini Book & cover designer
Aldo Chiaruttini Contributor
Philippa Bogle Cover photo
William Roberts Cover artist
John Good Cover designer
Umberto Eco Prólogo
Stephen Conroy Cover artist
Brian Busby Introduction
Shepard Fairey Cover artist
CS Richardson Cover designer
Gabriele Baldini Translator
Jason Johnson Cover designer
Gray318 Cover designer
Abby Granata Cover designer
Joy Batchelor Illustrator
C. M. Woodhouse Introduction
N. O. Scarpi Translator
Jan Wahlén Translator
Suzon Gueillet Illustrator
Gerald Tucker Translator
Art Brenner Cover designer
Tom Cotton Translator
Quentin Blake Illustrator
Omar Rayyam Cover artist
Yvonne Fetig Roehler Cover designer
Malcolm Muggeridge Introduction
Ralph Steadman Illustrator
Malcolm Bradbury Introduction
Heath Kane Cover designer
Lothar Reher Cover designer
Rafael Abella Translator
Joan Miro Cover artist
Bruno Tasso Translator
Ton Heuvelmans Afterword
John Halas Illustrator
Panu Pekkanen Translator
Chris Mould Cover artist
Anthony Ross Translator
Ralph Cosham Narrator
Joseph Low Cover artist
Michael Walter Translator
John Goldblatt Cover photograph
Patrick Tull Narrator
小野寺 健 Translator
Liz Demeter Cover designer
Joop Waasdorp Translator
Bill Brandt Cover artist
Jukka Kemppinen Translator
Aad Nuis Translator
Luis Romero Foreword
Lionel Trilling Introduction
Bob Edwards Introduction
Carlos Pujol Translator
Emma Larkin Introduction
Richard Rees Afterword
Robert McFarlane Cover photograph
Joni Kärki Translator
Alex Jennings Narrator
Leevi Lehto Translator
Richard Hoggart Introduction
Petra Börner Cover artist
Roger Mayne Cover photo
Denis Piper Cover artist
Else Hoog Translator
Ken Sequin Cover artist
川端 康雄 Editor, Translator
Hulton Getty Cover artist
Gerrit Komrij Translator
Alistair Hall Cover artist
Aglika Markova Translator
Paulo Faria Tradução
Levent Konca Translator
河合 秀和 Translator
井上 摩耶子 Translator
小野 協一 Translator
Jeremy Paxman Introduction
Tina Richter Translator
Richard H. Rovere Introduction
Walter Falke Translator
Michael Foot Introduction
W. E. Butler Introduction

Statistics

Works
392
Also by
65
Members
221,440
Popularity
#19
Rating
4.1
Reviews
3,381
ISBNs
3,144
Languages
54
Favorited
976

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