People/Characters: Eugene or Eugenius IV, Pope

Titles	Order
Absolute Monarchs: A History of the Papacy by John Julius Norwich	Gabriele Condulmerca, c.1383-1447
Evangelical Lutheran Dogmatics I-IV by Adolf Hoenecke	Gabriele Condulmerca, c.1383-1447
Evangelical Lutheran Dogmatics IV by Adolf Hoenecke	Gabriele Condulmerca, c.1383-1447
Medici: Masters of Florence: The Complete First Season by Sergio Mimica-Gezzan	Gabriele Condulmerca, c.1383-1447) (David Bamber
The Medieval World I: Kingdoms, Empires, and War, 7 Cds [Complete & Unabridged Audio Work] by Thomas F. Madden	Gabriele Condulmerca, c.1383-1447
No Crisis in the Church? by Simon Galloway	Gabriele Condulmerca, c.1383-1447
The Sources of Catholic Dogma by Heinrich Denzinger	Gabriele Condulmerca, c.1383-1447

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Pope Eugene IV (Latin: Eugenius IV; Italian: Eugenio IV; 1383 – 23 February 1447), born Gabriele Condulmer, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 11 March 1431 to his death, in February 1447. His tenure was marked by conflict first with the Colonna, relatives of his predecessor Martin V, and later with the Conciliar movement. In 1434, due to a complaint by Fernando Calvetos, bishop of the Canary Islands, Eugene IV issued the bull "Creator Omnium", rescinding any recognition of Portugal's right to conquer those islands, still pagan. He excommunicated anyone who enslaved newly converted Christians, the penalty to stand until the captives were restored to their liberty and possessions. He also issued "Dundum ad nostram audientiam", which was the legal basis for the creation of Jewish ghettos in Europe.

By a written agreement made before his election he pledged to distribute to the cardinals one-half of all the revenues of the Church and promised to consult with them on all questions of importance, both spiritual and temporal. His pontificate had been so stormy and unhappy that he is said to have regretted on his deathbed that he ever left his monastery. Eugene was dignified in demeanour, but inexperienced and vacillating in action and excitable in temper. Bitter in his hatred of heresy, he nevertheless displayed great kindness to the poor. He laboured to reform the monastic orders, especially the Franciscans, and was never guilty of nepotism. Although austere in his private life, he was a sincere friend of art and learning. Wikipedia

Pope Eugene IV (Latin: Eugenius IV; Italian: Eugenio IV; 1383 – 23 February 1447), born Gabriele Condulmer, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 11 March 1431 to his death, in February 1447. His tenure was marked by conflict first with the Colonna, relatives of his predecessor Martin V, and later with the Conciliar movement. In 1434, due to a complaint by Fernando Calvetos, bishop of the Canary Islands, Eugene IV issued the bull "Creator Omnium", rescinding any recognition of Portugal's right to conquer those islands, still pagan. He excommunicated anyone who enslaved newly converted Christians, the penalty to stand until the captives were restored to their liberty and possessions. He also issued "Dundum ad nostram audientiam", which was the legal basis for the creation of Jewish ghettos in Europe.

<br> By a written agreement made before his election he pledged to distribute to the cardinals one-half of all the revenues of the Church and promised to consult with them on all questions of importance, both spiritual and temporal.  His pontificate had been so stormy and unhappy that he is said to have regretted on his deathbed that he ever left his monastery.   Eugene was dignified in demeanour, but inexperienced and vacillating in action and excitable in temper. Bitter in his hatred of heresy, he nevertheless displayed great kindness to the poor. He laboured to reform the monastic orders, especially the Franciscans, and was never guilty of nepotism. Although austere in his private life, he was a sincere friend of art and learning.  <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Eugene_IV" rel="nofollow" target="_new">Wikipedia</a>

People/CharactersEugene or Eugenius IV, Pope

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