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Edward Albee (1928–2016)

Author of Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?

105+ Works 11,116 Members 142 Reviews 24 Favorited

About the Author

Edward Albee was born in Virginia on March 12, 1928. His first produced play, The Zoo Story, opened in Berlin in 1959 before playing at the Provincetown Playhouse in Greenwich Village the following year. In 1960, it won the Vernon Rice Memorial Award. In 1962, his Broadway debut, Who's Afraid of show more Virginia Woolf?, won a Tony Award for best play. It was adapted into a film starring Richard Burton and Elizabeth Taylor in 1966. He wrote about 30 plays during his lifetime including The Sandbox, The American Dream, The Death of Bessie Smith, All Over, and The Play About the Baby. He won the Pulitzer Prize three times for A Delicate Balance in 1966, Seascape in 1975, and Three Tall Women in 1991. Three Tall Women also received Best Play awards from the New York Drama Critics Circle and Outer Critics Circle. He won another Tony Award for The Goat, or Who Is Sylvia? and a Lifetime Achievement Tony Award in 2005. He had died after a short illness on September 16, 2016 at the age of 88. (Bowker Author Biography) show less

Series

Works by Edward Albee

Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1962) 5,208 copies, 80 reviews
The American Dream and The Zoo Story (1961) 1,297 copies, 11 reviews
A Delicate Balance (1966) 540 copies, 7 reviews
Edward Albee's Lolita (1981) — Author — 478 copies, 3 reviews
The Goat, or Who is Sylvia? (2000) 462 copies, 8 reviews
Three Tall Women (1991) 417 copies, 4 reviews
Tiny Alice (1964) 342 copies, 2 reviews
Seascape: A Play in Two Acts (1975) 174 copies, 3 reviews
The Sandbox and the Death of Bessie Smith (1960) 147 copies, 1 review
The Play About The Baby (1998) 124 copies, 1 review
Everything in the Garden (1963) 101 copies, 2 reviews
All Over (1971) 82 copies, 1 review
The Zoo Story (1959) 79 copies, 2 reviews
New York (1980) — Foreword — 67 copies, 1 review
The American Dream (1960) 66 copies, 2 reviews
The Lady From Dubuque. (1980) 54 copies
The Zoo Story (Acting Edition) (1959) 53 copies, 1 review
The Zoo Story and Other Plays (1995) 41 copies, 2 reviews
Marriage Play. (1987) 27 copies
Malcolm (1966) 25 copies, 1 review
Finding the Sun (1982) 18 copies
Occupant (2001) 13 copies
The Death of Bessie Smith (Acting Edition) (1959) 11 copies, 1 review
The Plays (Plays Volume 3) (1982) 10 copies
Teatro 3 copies
FAM and YAM (1988) 2 copies, 1 review
Marina 2 copies
Listening (1975) 1 copy
Box (1968) 1 copy
Drámák 1 copy
Dramen 1 copy

Associated Works

Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1975) — Introduction, some editions — 3,310 copies, 39 reviews
Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama (1995) — Contributor, some editions — 1,012 copies, 7 reviews
Stages of Drama: Classical to Contemporary Theater (1999) — Contributor, some editions — 238 copies
Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? [1966 film] (1966) — Original book — 194 copies, 2 reviews
Famous American Plays of the 1950s (1962) — Contributor — 181 copies
Writers at Work 03 (1968) — Interviewee — 153 copies
Plays for Actresses (1997) — Contributor — 130 copies, 1 review
A Memory, a Monologue, a Rant, and a Prayer (2007) — Contributor — 112 copies, 1 review
The Heath Anthology of American Literature, Concise Edition (2003) — Contributor — 73 copies, 1 review
Louise Nevelson: Atmospheres and Environments (1980) — Introduction, some editions — 67 copies, 1 review
Thornton Wilder: A Life (2012) — Foreword — 54 copies
Best American Plays : Fifth Series : 1958-1963 (1983) — Contributor — 49 copies, 1 review
Modern and Contemporary Drama (1958) — Contributor — 44 copies, 1 review
50 Best Plays of the American Theatre [4-volume set] (1969) — Contributor — 39 copies
14 great plays (1977) — Contributor — 36 copies, 1 review
Icons & Idols (1998) — Preface — 33 copies
Best American Plays : Sixth Series : 1963-1967 (1971) — Contributor — 30 copies
Best American Plays : Seventh Series : 1967-1973 (1975) — Contributor — 26 copies, 1 review
Contemporary One-Act Plays (Heinemann Floodlights) (1976) — Contributor — 19 copies
Shades of Love: Photographs Inspired by the Poems of C. P. Cavafy (2011) — Foreword, some editions — 16 copies, 2 reviews
The Ballad of the Sad Café [1991 film] (1991) — Original play — 9 copies, 1 review
The Best Plays Theater Yearbook 2007-2008 (2009) — Contributor — 8 copies, 1 review
Grenadine (2009) — Foreword, some editions — 7 copies
Someday: Robert Farber: A Retrospective (1997) — Foreword, some editions — 6 copies

Tagged

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Common Knowledge

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Reviews

150 reviews
The dialog in this play is brilliant, fast-paced and biting. Both hilarious and painful to watch/read. The thing about it that really kills me though is when Martha is talking to Nick and asks who he thinks is the only man who's made her happy and he guesses one of her affairs, but she says "George, my husband." So heartbreaking what we do to someone we love and what we put up with from someone we love.
I might have started off this review by talking about the inextricable link between humour and gut-wrenching sorrow in this play, but luckily one of the characters has already done it for me:

NICK: All right... what do you want me to say? Do you want me to say it’s funny, so you can contradict me and say it’s sad? Or do you want me to say it’s sad so you can turn around and say no, it’s funny. You can play that damn little game any way you want to, you know!


Indeed you can. And George show more and Martha play it both ways, backwards and forwards and up and down, taking a perverse pleasure in airing their dirty laundry in front of an audience: the young couple, Nick and Honey, who are at first embarrassed and later too entangled (horrified? amused? absorbed?) to leave. And we, too, as an audience, can’t look away from the fiery wreck of Martha and George’s marriage—it’s nasty, it’s explosive, it’s cruel, it’s embarrassing, but it’s undeniably fascinating. Partially because of their unrestrained hatred, and partially because at the bottom of it there’s real feeling, which keeps the sense of tragedy alive and well throughout the play’s runtime.

An evening that is at first merely awkward becomes downright hellish, as we’re treated to a vision of domestic inferno where George and Martha work as each other’s perfectly tuned instruments of torture. They know each other better than anyone else, and they load up each other’s flaws and secrets into their bows to shoot out like arrows from across the room. But the cruel, clever, bitter, corrosive genius of this play is that George and Martha don’t just require spectators—they want participants. Honey and Nick are drawn into their bloodbath, maybe out of a sense of politeness at first but later forced to stay because they’ve got skin in the game too, George and Martha have got the goods on their relationship and won’t hesitate to use it as ammo to add some spice to their sick little games, regardless of the pain they leave in their wake. The bitterness at the heart of George and Martha’s relationship is contagious, and it slowly creeps into and overtakes every line of dialogue, every interaction.

Speaking of dialogue, that’s really what put Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf over the top for me, in terms of giving it five stars—Edward Albee truly has an ear for the nuances of dialogue in that I never had to check who was speaking, every voice was very clear and distinct. And as the characters get steadily more inebriated, their dialogue becomes surprisingly realistic drunk person dialogue, from the sudden bursts of anger or childish delight to the moody periods of melancholy and bitter reminiscence and ugly combativeness. Top-notch writing from Albee here, which makes this play as riveting to read as it would be to experience on the stage or screen.

But man, if ever a work of fiction has strengthened my desire to never be married...
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Teszkó gazdaságos pokol: két ember elég a fenntartásához. Persze egymás kifilézésének élménye hatványozható, ha új személyeket vonunk be, a célnak pedig épp megfelel a biológia tanszék ifjú üdvöskéje: a tipikus WASP jócsávó, illetve hamvas felesége. Mert a pokol nézőközönség nélkül – úgy fest – nem is pokol igazán.

Amikor az első felvonás végén a függöny legördült, azon tépelődtem, hová lehet ezt még fokozni. Martha és George olyan mély show more sebeket ejtett egymáson, olyan félelmetes elszántsággal és pervertált intelligenciával csinálták ki egymást (mindezt a vendégek, Honey és Nick szeme előtt), olyan piszkos titkok bukkantak felszínre, hogy annál már – gondoltam – nincs lejjebb. Vajon mit tartogat nekünk még Albee?
1.) Rátesz egy lapáttal arra, amire rátenni nem lehet, és a párkapcsolati emberkínzás eddig ismeretlen szintjére vezet minket? Olyan mocskos titkokat bányász elő a lélek mélyéről, amelyeket elképzelni sem tudunk?
2.) A kicsinálást Martha és George személyéről áthelyezi Honeyra és Nickre, így a nézőből résztvevő válik? Valahogy úgy, mintha elmentél volna egy boxmeccsre, és hirtelen téged rángatnának be a szorítóba, hogy orrba csűrjenek?
3.) Esetleg az egymáspusztítás zenitjén az egész irányt vált, és megtudunk valamit a gyűlölet mélyén rejlő szeretetről?
A helyzet az, hogy Albee voltaképpen mindhármat megteszi. És pont ezért zseniális.

Nagyszerű dráma, a leghatásosabbak egyike. Olyan ereje van, hogy még a kissé avítt fordítást is majdnem feledteti. Nem lettem volna ott, ahol Albee az ihletet kapta.
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Toxic Love
A review of the Berkley paperback (May 2022) revised by the author from the original Atheneum hardcover (1962).
GEORGE (Barely contained anger now): You can sit there in that chair of yours, you can sit there with the gin running out of your mouth, and you can humiliate me, you can tear me apart ... ALL NIGHT ... and that's perfectly all right ... that's O.K. ...
MARTHA: YOU CAN STAND IT!
GEORGE: I CANNOT STAND IT!
MARTHA: YOU CAN STAND IT! YOU MARRIED ME FOR IT!

I read the play before show more seeing a recent production here in Toronto. It read very bitter and desperate on the page, but I was surprised at how funny it played on stage, at least in the 1st Act. Things turn much nastier in the 2nd and 3rd Acts until the pathos of the final reveal. The ending has its own moment of tenderness which you can interpret as a possible awakening to a life without illusions... or will the fun and games continue with a brand new tragic subplot?

See photographat https://scontent-yyz1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/479258395_29518285527770185_3...
The cast of the 2025 Canadian Stage production at curtain call.

Embittered late middle age couple George and Martha come home from an academia party at their University at 2 a.m. Martha has invited younger couple Honey and Nick over for a nightcap. George is initially frustrated but soon manipulates the scene by playing out the bitterness of their marriage in front of the newcomers. George is a history professor and Nick is a newly appointed member of the biology faculty. There are hints throughout that not all of what Martha and George are saying is true-to-life, but the final reveal is still a gut-punch.

Considering that the play is from 1962 it felt rather uncanny that various phrases or topics had a chilling echo to them in present day early 2025 here in North America. There was mention of "diversity", a repeated chorus of ICE ICE ICE (admittedly, they were talking about ice-cubes), a discussion of eugenics and the rise of a superman race where weaklings would be weeded out. These were brief mentions only, but suddenly had a foreboding feel as if Albee had predicted the future.

This was probably a 4-star on the page, but having seen a recent production I definitely feel like giving a 5-star rating.

See cover at https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/S/compressed.photo.goodreads.com/...
The cover of the May 2022 Berkley paperback edition. Image sourced from Goodreads.

Trivia and Links
The trailer for the 2025 Canadian Stage production can be viewed here. The house program book can be read here.

The trailer for the 1966 movie adaptation directed by Mike Nichols and starring Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton can be viewed here.
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Statistics

Works
105
Also by
31
Members
11,116
Popularity
#2,122
Rating
4.0
Reviews
142
ISBNs
209
Languages
11
Favorited
24

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